Coatings & Surface Engineering

Good point. And the food and agriculture issues that may arise from there.

There was in the past week an interesting radio interview (antena3) in Portugal and the predicted scenario for this nation...

I is not good at all- They say that Lisbon could have the temperatures of the actual Rabat for the end of this century.

I wonder for other places...I imagine Alasca is witnessing these "about to came changes" right now .

I agree that the water shortage issue is of far more consequence than the energy issue. While it is possible to live in a energy minimum situation culturally (people do it every day in the Third World) living without potable water is much larger problem. There are numerous technologies to reclaim and purify water (even if it is contaminated); however, most of them require electrical energy and the largest sources of water (ie:the oceans of the world) are not convenient to population centers for desalination by RO, etc. Indeed, the problems we are facing are primarily political in nature.

More wars have been fought over water rights than for any other single reason. I suspect it will be the same in th future. Water is a basic human need.

Check out www.ire-incorp.com . We have a food/fuel/fallow cropping cycle based on University and USDA research that gives sustainable production of food and energy, and we use a couple of cheap prehistoric technologies to purify polluted water and recover water from the atmosphere for irrigation. Unreacted biomass from the fuel production provides electricity and heat to run the system.

Are you George?

You should register...

Looks interesting

when does the pilot go online?

Pilot scale was run in 2006, 07, we are starting up a 4 MGY training and demonstration center, a 12 MGY commercial unit, and freezer plant to process vegetables as part of the food/fuel/fallow cropping cycle in South Texas. The CO2 from fermentation is the refrigerant in the IQF freezer tunnels. Next step is the Microturbine running on straight 130-proof denatured ethanol to make the electricity to run a hybrid with no gasoline in the mix. Test vehicle will be road tested first of the year. Once the system is proved, we start building agricultural tractors and trucks for transportation, good bye gasoline and diesel. Our water technologies will let us bring irrigated agriculture to that desert between Ozona, Texas and El Paso.

It is a fact that energy, water and other non renewable sources, can not sustain the increasing consumption rate, what is going on now.

Where as established methods like thermal, fossil fuel based usage got a deep bearing and dependency.

Petroleum products just apart from fuels ,also cater to lot of basic chemicals like solvents, fertilizer and lot other raw chemicals.

Coal conversion has also got a major utility potential.

All the ongoing renewable energies got a relevance about best exploitation of available opportunities. For example solar power for space vehicles and so on.

2020 is looked at with lot of optimism towards carbon emission reductions.

A CONVINCING ENERGY SOLUTION a major improvement in the existing power generation sector with lowest cost, augmentabilty and flexibility should be the goal of all searches. It is more on the part of engineers and scientists to contribute for the viability. Once low cost electricity is viable ,then comes the major answers to all fossil fuel dependency, a total revamping into our on going systems.

The quest is not out of HOPES.

It would seem that a system that could run on all of the following would not only help economically, but also politically and environmentally, and get us all energy independent.

1) Compressed air ---to recover energy, such as from braking, or movement. Batteries cannot take the massive energy flows in such a short time. Typical braking power is 3-4 times acceleration in most vehicles. Hydraulics work well...

2) gaseous fuels, such as hydrogen, Natural Gas, cow farts (joke...). This basically means the system needs tanks and compression ability, which goes along with compressed air (synergy?).

3) Liquid fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, alcohol, methanol, and, of course, french fry oil...oh, and bio diesel...to use up all that fuel made by the algae force fed by co2 from the engine...

4) Solar and wind... How to do that is by electric or hydraulic drive...working on hydraulics myself...

When the system is able to take in all four groups, then it will run on what is available. If it can do that below 1500-1800 kelvin, there will be no smog or soot.

Then that system needs to be at least 60% efficiency in fuel conversion...GE has a system that is 60%, so it is possible...just make it a lot smaller for the home/office heater system replacement.

If you can do that, about 80-90% of the co2 would be gone and energy would be very cheap. How? look at some of my old posts...

Ah, but to get there people need to invest, which is where ROI (return on investment) comes in. If you use some form of carbon fuel to bridge when solar/wind are not functioning, then the higher the cost of Carbon fuels (read cap and trade), the lower the ROI.

Ironically, if they (USA congress---Copenhagen treaty) pass cap and trade (tax?), it will SLOW and hinder progress towards solar and wind by making the ROI lower for such a capital equipment investment. Why?

During the first 5-10 years a person will run natural gas (cheapest/BTU and available in homes already) and generate electricity, and thereby make money to pay off the machine/engine.

Once every house has a machine (engine) and it now becomes "base load" power, displacing coal power, the price of electricity will drop to the marginal cost of the lowest cost carbon fuel the home owner can use (not coal). That cost/kw is around 3-4 cents/kw when you get 60% efficiency. A Coal plant is 2 cents/kw.

To be par with coal a person would run half the time solar and get a cost around 2 cents/kw if the avoidance payment is low. In places like California where the earnings payment is 11 cent/kw, they would make 7 cents/kw running on Natural Gas, and would run wide open (25kw) 24/7, and save with wind/solar when available.

As electricity prices fall, the investor will find it does not pay to run unless it is from solar or wind, or when the spot price of electricity (voltage and frequency maintenance?) is high enough to cover fuels costs, or use the waste heat (40% of not converted to electricity...) to heat a house and generate electricity to pay for the fuel used....

In other words, the ROI will be higher if there is no Cap and Trade, thereby giving enough incentive for people to go out, buy the machine, and generate power in their home (25 kw max, typical), which some day will be mostly solar/wind due to competition forces. Once everybody has one, the only way to make money will be with cheap bio-fuel made from home, or by solar/wind.

This is how we can transition from coal to solar/wind and keep the lights on. CAP AND TRADE will make a few people rich (Goldman Sachs and "friends" of Congressman) and SLOW (!) progress towards energy independence.

This is what I am working on...

Long time no see

How is your project coming along?

It is coming along well. I had a lot of dead ends, but I think I see a light at the end of the tunnel...just hope it is not a train... There sure are a lot of devils in the details. One small thing can stop an entire concept.

Thanks for the ask.

Seaplaneguy