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How to Select Industrial Products

This is the place for engineers to learn about and teach others how to select industrial products. The blog is maintained by the Editorial team at IHS GlobalSpec, the company that powers CR4.

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Magnetic Chucks: Permanent, Electromagnetic, or Electro-Permanent?

Posted August 30, 2011 4:55 PM by Steve Melito

Welcome to the first entry in CR4's newest blog, How to Select Industrial Products. It's been awhile since I've blogged for CR4, but that's not because I stopped writing. Summer has been a busy season, and I've had plenty of projects for CR4's parent company - GlobalSpec. For those who may be new to CR4 (or still unfamiliar with GlobalSpec), my employer provides a search engine for industrial products.

As an engineer, you probably source products, too - but this blog isn't an advertisement for GlobalSpec. The reason I'm writing is to give you a peek inside the kitchen, where I'd like you to help me stir the pot. No, I don't mean "stir the pot" in the sense of "let's have an argument". Rather, I'd like to know what you'd add to various recipes (technical definitions) that I devise. They involve technical writing instead of tacos or turkey, but your engineering expertise could make the difference between hamburger and steak. There will be disagreements, of course, but no food fights -please.

The first item on the menu is magnetic chucks, which are used to hold workpieces made of ferrous materials. According to Modern Machine Shop, "magnets may be a viable workholding solution for your shop" - especially if you're looking to reduce setup times. So now I'm trying to distinguish three magnetic chuck types: permanent, electromagnetic, and electro-permanent. The definitions I've devised are solid fare, but they're a bit bland. For example, I've written that two of the three types are used in grinding applications. So what? That's like writing "beer is a beverage you can have with lunch or dinner". When do you have beer with lunch, and when do you have it with dinner? Just as the day of the week can make the difference in drinking, does your grinding application determine which type of magnetic chuck to select?

Here are my definitions - the basic recipes.

  • Permanent magnetic chucks are suitable for EDM and grinding applications. They are made from magnetized materials and exhibit a constant magnetic field without needing to introduce an electric current.
  • Electromagnetic chucks are suitable for EDM, grinding, drilling, and turning applications. They generate a magnetic field when electrical current is introduced.
  • Electro-permanent magnetic chucks are a hybrid of electromagnetic and permanent magnetic chucks. An electrical current is applied to lock and unlock the chuck, but in the event of a loss of power, the chuck continues to hold the part tightly.

As an engineer, which type of magnetic chuck do you recommend - why and for what reasons? Sure, I can find answers on the Web (and I will), but I'd like your input, too. As the Internet's greatest engineering community, why shouldn't I ask you? So come help stir the pot and we'll make a dish that all engineers can enjoy.

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  Next in Blog: New Selection Guides on GlobalSpec