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Workbench Creations

Workbench Creations is the place for conversation and discussion about do-it-yourself (DIY) projects. This DIY blog will feature projects completed by its owner as well as projects completed by other do-it-yourselfers. Workbench Creations is the place where DIYers can discuss ideas, learn about what others have done, and share their expertise.

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Vegetable Oil Heating Revisited Part 1

Posted March 19, 2008 10:04 AM by frankd20

Although the heating season is winding down here, it's just starting up on the other side of the globe. One way to reduce your heating costs is to build a vegetable oil heating system. The key to burning oil is to atomize it into a fine mist, mix it with air, and ignite it. With home heating oil, this is done by pressurizing the oil to about 100psi and spraying it through a nozzle with a small hole. Vegetable oil is more viscous and is harder to atomize. One way to make it easier is to heat the oil, which makes it thinner.

It is possible to simply heat the oil and increase the pressure, and it will atomize and burn. From others experiences, they have found that it doesn't burn great. With other changes, there are better ways to atomize the oil and get a more complete and reliable burn. There are two other methods that I know of both require pressurized air. The first flows a thin sheet of oil over a small hole, which air comes out of and the oil is atomized like the mist of water over a whale's blow hole. The second method uses a nozzle called a siphon nozzle, and utilizes the venturi effect to atomize the oil. Siphon nozzles are available from both Hago and Delavan, two big oil nozzle manufactures. Knowing that this approach is used on commercial waste oil burners, this is the method that I've chosen to focus on.

Over a year ago, I posted my first post about this project; well, now it's time for improvements. Most of my improvements dealt with safety and reliability, since my first run was meant to be more of a prototype. Now that I have had many hours of monitored running time, I have refined the design. I had a few problems with my first design, one was the air supply, one with the spark adjustment, and one with the oil supply. The oil supply was by far the most important, and the one most needing improvement. My rebuild addressed all of the issues above.

The Setup

Before the details of how to do all this, I want to give you a summary of how this setup is supposed to work. My waste oil burner consists of seven main parts: the oil pump, the air pump, the heater block and nozzle, the retention head and blower, and the spark for ignition. The heater block and nozzle is what I consider the heart of the system, and everything else feeds this. The function of the heater block is to heat the oil and air before it goes into the nozzle. The rest of the system is to supply the block with oil and air at the correct volume and pressure. The spark ignites the atomized oil, and the blower and retention head mix the oil with the correct amount of combustion air. If all of this works as it should, then you get a nice stable flame that you can adjust via the oil flow. So at least now you have an idea of how this is supposed to work.

Be sure to come back next week for Part 2 and find out how I upgrading my system. For now you can refer back to my previous setup to see how my old setup along with other designs work.


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#1

Re: Vegetable Oil Heating Revisited Part 1

03/20/2008 8:13 AM

I have built a burner like this to fire my glass furnace. I am using waste motor oil because I can not get enough of the vegetable oil here. The burner is finished but still tweaking the oil filtering system that feeds the filtered oil to the "day tank" My set up is based on a Kagi waste oil syphon nozzle and retention head and a heater block I made myself. If anyone is interested in this I would recommend they go to:

altfuelfurnace@yahoogroups.com before they start, there is a ton of info to be gained there.

pipewelder

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#2
In reply to #1

Re: Vegetable Oil Heating Revisited Part 1

03/20/2008 10:10 AM

I hear waste motor oil is a bit easier to run because its thinner, however you have to worry about the hazards of the heavy metals that you are burning. As used vegetable oil is plentiful where I live I will stick with it.

Glad to hear your system is finished, as it sounds very similar to mine. The link you give does provide some very good information as I have been there and gained a lot of good ides, as you will see I have a few of my own as well.

What I have never seen there is a good summary of what is required for a working burner. I often see requests there for how to get started get replied that they should read the msgs. It takes quite a lot of digging and reading to get a feel for how to get started.

Thanks for commenting, perhaps you will register with CR4 and post some pictures and details about your burner, so we can have a nice summary here of two working systems.

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#3

Re: Vegetable Oil Heating Revisited Part 1

03/20/2008 11:02 PM

Are you using it as a hot air furnace or to heat water or make steam? What are its dimensions? Please. more close-up photos and different angles.

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#4
In reply to #3

Re: Vegetable Oil Heating Revisited Part 1

03/21/2008 10:45 AM

I am using it to heat water in a boiler which goes to my radiators. Their are two more entries to this post, that I will be posting soon. They will each include more pictures and details. If you would like a particular angle or photo of a detail, let me know and I will do my best to include it in one of the posts.

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#5

Re: Vegetable Oil Heating Revisited Part 1

06/21/2008 1:02 AM

have you ever seen the plastic disc candles that float on top of a layer of vegatable oil itself floating on a volume of water in various types of decorative vessels ? remember them ? Well to make one of those discs out of beer can aluminum is pretty easy and multiple wicks can be inserted into each disc. to make an aluminum disc you need two blocks of hardwood at least 1" .5 in thickness and about three inches long make that 3.5 4 something like . and a releif cut is carved into both blocks to make the reverse displacement discs . if youve sized your design right you should get two discs out of each beer can .In any case as ive indicated multiple wicks can be placed on each disc and if one has a large enough vessel , an iron cauldron would be best i reckon ?, something like a huge continuosly burning aquatic birthday cake is the result . and a bucks worth of vegatable oil so utilized will burn for a day or more with no attention paid to the apparatus of course one must ventilate it and a small chimney perhaps also constructed of beer cans and stainless steel tape might suffice ?interestingly a by product of this method of burning veg oil is a resultant soot black or carbon black that would be very useful for the making of solar paint for solar hot water heaters ?

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