Aimed to protect women from AIDS in Africa
and other impoverished areas, a new kind of "molecular condom" is currently in
development. This new option would allow women to protect themselves without
the approval of their partner, and could be especially helpful in areas of the
world where women are not empowered to force their partners to wear condoms.
How Does It Work?
Contracting the HIV infection in women happens when the
virus transfers from semen to vaginal tissue. By using this new gel that
hardens at the pH of semen, it blocks the transfer of the virus.
After sex, the vagina will become acidic again, which will
make any remaining HIV particles ineffective by the acidity and the antiviral
drug that is in the gel. The antiviral drug impedes HIV to some extent, but is
more to protect immune cells in the vagina from infection.
Rocky Past?
Not many antiviral drugs attack HIV in semen, and with the
high air temperature in places like Africa, it
is difficult to coat the vagina evenly. Few microbicides have reached human
trials with respect to preventing the AIDS virus from being transmitted. The
microbicides that managed to get to clinical trial were later proven ineffective
at preventing HIV transmission.
There were many reasons why the microbicides may have
failed. Sometimes the antiviral drugs used in them were not strong enough, nor
could they live long enough to be effective. In some cases, the risk of
contracting HIV was increased; this may have been because the vaginal tissue
was irritated and attracted immune cells that the virus targets.
Promising Future?
Another problem in the past was that patients failed to even
use them. The intravaginal gel seems to be more convenient to use than other
microbicides, like rings and films. Right now, they are testing the use of
other polymers and the safety of the gel on vaginal cells. Thanks to a grant
from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation of $100,000, this will be a
continued effort.
If this is successful in Africa
at preventing AIDS, do you think that it should be used internationally?
Resources:
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/160338.php
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