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Screw Compressor Problems

02/17/2013 5:32 AM

there is a big "kobel co" lubricated steam turbine drive screw compressor in our site that compresses propylene and is always dued in full load , it frequently (in startin time) damages burns the male shaft thrust bearing. bearing, it utlises balance piston on male shafts to reduce thrust load on bearings, the problem occurs suddenly without any warning sign in vibration or bearing oil temperature logs , just with a sudden big knok sound. oil analysis show no specific abnormality either. our second same compressor motor drive that is dued on part load works fine without such problem any suggestion would be appreciated .thanks

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#1

Re: screw compressor problems

02/17/2013 6:02 AM

Are you sure that no liquid propylene is entering the compressor?

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#3
In reply to #1

Re: screw compressor problems

02/17/2013 10:45 AM

we replace male rotor active side thrust pads at shop and then install compressor at sit after purge and calibrate of slid valve posation by oil pump pressure .we start turbine and change load from the same compressor motor drive and compressor work for 8 miniuts we see leakage from mechanical seal . how sure that no liquid propylene isnt entering the compressor? Thanks

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#8
In reply to #1

Re: screw compressor problems

02/18/2013 4:19 AM

a level transmitter examines the amount of liquid in the refrigerant/chilled water exchanger . A Controller maintains a specified set point using the one valve ,which controls the amount of liquid entering exchanger . We know that the liquid level is not approaches an unreasonable level.

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#2

Re: screw compressor problems

02/17/2013 10:05 AM

My knowledge of screw compressor is from refrigeration usage. Is there a pressure lubrication system with a separate motor-pump that keeps the bearings and screw lubricated? You indicate this is a startup problem. Are there interlocks to prevent spinning the compressor before oil pressure is up. I think your indicating this compressor is driven from a steam turbine. I have no understanding of this arrangement. Is the compressor driven with a gear box from the turbine. Is the thrust bearing on the same side as the turbine, is the oil pressure kept on during shutdown before everything stops spinning.

You may get lucky if someone here knows this system.

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#4
In reply to #2

Re: screw compressor problems

02/17/2013 11:06 AM

yes there is a pressure lubrication system with a separate motor-pump that keeps the bearings and screw lubricated. the compressor before oil pressure is up. ,this compressor is driven from a steam turbine And compressor driven with a gear box from the turbine. the thrust bearing on the same side as the turbine, the oil pressure kept off during shutdown.

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#5

Re: screw compressor problems

02/17/2013 11:19 AM

Divide the load between the two compressors.

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#6

Re: screw compressor problems

02/17/2013 12:53 PM

Screw compressors are meant to compress vapor only. If the suction stream of propylene to the compressor has a small amount of liquid in it, the compressor may be able to handle it without a problem. A significant amount of liquid can wash oil from the compressor bearings and result in premature wear over a period of time. A large slug of liquid, which is incompressible, can result in knocking and instant damage.

I don't know about propylene setups, but in refrigeration there is typically a vessel in the compressor suction that can intercept any liquid that might be present.

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#7
In reply to #6

Re: screw compressor problems

02/18/2013 1:32 AM

Compressors need continual lubricants to function. Otherwise, the internal working parts will create friction, which will cause damage to the compressor over time. The compressor can often operate with a low percentage of lubrication within it. However, the condenser eventually will develop a problem with the compressor lubricant, which will manifest first as a problem with the coalescers. If the coalescer has a good rating, the coalescer was likely not installed properly or is damaged. However, if the refrigeration system has a lot of dirt, the coalescer likely needs cleaning to remove a clog.

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#10
In reply to #6

Re: screw compressor problems

02/18/2013 11:25 AM

You have rightly accessed this. We had several failures of this kind with LPG compressor set up. Especially during start ups, where the operating parameters would not be steady.

When the plant is in stable operation, the liquid level control valve at the suction knockout drum steadily discharges the accumulated liquid and ensures that no liquid is led to compressor. At our plant, during startup, huge liquid rushed to the knockout drum, beyond the ability of the level control valve despite it is fully open. The level steadily rose and found way to compressor (around 15 minutes in our case - this depends upon the collection of liquid and vessel size).

The lesson I affirmed is that, "equipment need not fail due to some defect within it but fail due to exterior reasons beyond the knowledge and control of the maintenance engineer". Sometimes the failure analysis could reveal the failure mode. Even that was difficult in our case because, the LPG is a strong solvent and washed the lubricant and the evidences. Propylene is also a strong solvent, were the wetted internal dry or wet?

8 minutes run and a failure there later cannot be attributed to infant mortality. Why the conditions during this 'eight minutes,' could be maintained and what went wrong there later?

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#9

Re: Screw Compressor Problems

02/18/2013 11:20 AM

Dear Rasoul

please let us know the running hour of the compressor. if it is not much, it could be a manufacturing defect. Or if is old compressor, let us know the maintenance history. Also please note, if you changed thrust bearing yourself, you have to measure all clearances before fixing. Also, if it directly coupled with steam turbine, you have to check the alignment between turbine and compressor. let us know your feedback.

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#11
In reply to #9

Re: Screw Compressor Problems

02/19/2013 4:23 AM

our process control system include: 1.Flash Economizer pressure Controller that we had not unreasonable level or pressure during start up the compressor 2.Refrigrant /chiled water Exchenger Level control 3.Refrigerant Accumulator Level and pressure & Condenser inlet and out let temperature and BDV valve on condenser 4.compressor oil seperator T&P&l controller

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#13
In reply to #11

Re: Screw Compressor Problems

02/19/2013 9:55 PM

If dP/dt is too rapidly downward, liquid in a vessel can flash into a foam, carrying some over to the compressor even if undetected by a level sensor. This is consistent with the starting of a large compressor. It can be mitigated by limiting the loading rate of the compressor, if the control system can accommodate this.

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#12
In reply to #9

Screw Compressor Problems

02/19/2013 5:17 AM

the running hour of the compressor is7000hours .we replace thrust bearing pads and mechanical seal rings 6thrice untill now . We measured all clearances(thrust bearing clearance=0.19 rotor discharge end clearance 0.37balance piston diameter clearance0.20mm)afther fixing. Compressor coupled with gearbox .

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#14

Re: Screw Compressor Problems

02/26/2013 12:57 PM

I think that balance of axial forces in start up time be out of sort and thrust disc contact with pad bearing and damage them

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