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You've known for years that you should eat bright, leafy
vegetables to ward off cancer and other ailments. But did you know that brightly-colored insects
can also lead you to plants that ward off illness?
A report published in Frontiers in Ecology and the
Environment shows how brightly-colored butterfly larvae and beetles like to
eat plants that contain chemical compounds that help fight cancer cells and
tropical parasitic diseases. Seeking out
these wiggly creatures could help speed up the discovery and development of new
drugs. By following the bugs, scientists may be able to find the cure.
Scientists at the Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute (STRI) in Gamboa,
Panama made
this amazing find by looking at plants we already know contain anti-cancer
compounds. The bugs on the plants were
brightly colored – a warning for predators to stay away from their poisonous
toxins. Apparently, those toxins can
come from the insects' host plants.
Bugs are commonly found on plants with compounds that can
help fight breast cancer and malaria.
It's suggested that "a quick screen for insects with warning coloration
on tropical plants may increase the efficiency of the search for compounds
active against cancer and tropical parasitic disease by four-fold".
Of course, most of these medicinal plants are in tropical
climates, and harvesting them for human use is controversial. And just because a plant has a brightly-colored
bug on it isn't a guarantee that it's a lifesaver. Extensive testing will still
have to be performed. But if researchers
and scientists can spend less time looking - and can more accurately find
plants that lead to cures - it may lead to more lives saved!
As part of the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups
Project (ICBG), the STRI in Panama
is working to find new drugs in the tropical forest. The group hopes to discover compounds from
plants, algae, and marine invertebrates to fight cancer and tropical
diseases. They're also trying to
conserve biodiversity by applying what they've learned. So far, the team has made significant progress
in finding compounds active against leishmaniasis (black fever) and malaria.
Resources:
http://www.biology-blog.com/blogs/permalinks/7-2008/insect-warning-colors-aid-cancer-drug-discovery.html
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-07/stri-iwc070808.php
http://www.stri.org/english/research/facilities/terrestrial/gamboa/research_projects.php
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