Engineering360: "What is a 'sand battery'? And what does it mean?"

> ...the heat is used to generate steam and spin turbines on demand...

> the estimated conversion efficiency is up to 95%.

I'm rather skeptical of the overall conversion efficiency being anywhere close to 95%. Even if you ignore losses getting the electric power to the resistive heater and any thermal losses, the sources I found online suggest steam turbines used for power generation would be doing well to reach 60% efficiency.

• https://www.power-eng.com/coal/steam-generator-efficiency/#gref
• https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-07/documents/catalog_of_chp_technologies_section_4._technology_characterization_-_steam_turbines.pdf
• https://stcotterturbine.com/which-is-more-efficient-a-gas-or-steam-turbine/
• https://rotatingmachinery.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Steam-Turbine-Efficiency-Losses.pdf