Engineering360: "Processes Enabling Nanomanufacturing"

It seems there is a confusion in the article about the meaning of "bottom up" and "top down" in nanomanufacturing. The article states: "Bottom-up nanomanufacturing builds products from atomic- and molecular-scale components using nanofabrication processes such as thin film deposition and lithography processes." According to Wikipedia (based on the Foresight Institute coining of the terms in 1989): "Bottom-up approaches seek to have smaller (usually molecular) components built up into more complex assemblies, while top-down approaches seek to create nanoscale devices by using larger, externally controlled ones to direct their assembly." Thin film deposition and lithography are clearly "top down" processes, as achieved by large scale machines (deposition equipment and lithography tools). As example of bottom up technique, self assembly of molecules in block copolymers is usually given, pointing to the fact that macroscopic properties (such as large area order) is achieved by the self assembly of polymer chains (i.e. from bottom - up).

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