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Welding aluminum

08/08/2007 7:50 AM

I am making prototype parts (A/C hoses) for a vehicle. But I am really having a hard time welding an aluminum pipe to an aluminum block. The main issue here is that the pipe is crimped to a rubber hose, so if I heat the pipe to high the rubber hose gets damage. Is there any suggestion of a different process to use. The system works on the high side at 500 PSI, so the joint has to handle high pressure.

Thanks a lot!

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#1

Re: Welding aluminum

08/08/2007 3:33 PM

Flare the end of the tube, place that flare in a flange and attach it to the block with two bolts.

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#9
In reply to #1

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 4:56 AM

about TIG welding, isn't expensive too? we have to consider the jig to hold the parts together to avoid gas leakage, right?

Regards.

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#10
In reply to #9

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 4:59 AM

Have you never watched American Chopper?

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#2

Re: Welding aluminum

08/08/2007 3:41 PM

Why would you weld an aluminum pipe to the block, when the rubber hose will rot and require changing, later? Once your into the rubber industry, you never get out...

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#24
In reply to #2

Re: Welding aluminum

08/15/2007 10:13 AM

I have parts from other vehicles, so what I do is unbend the pipe and remove the old block that goes to the compressor, make the new bends with my new routing and weld the new block for the new compressor. The problem is not so much resources but the time to get the parts.

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#3

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 12:29 AM

If you need cold welding, it's going to be laser welding.

There are many known brands: Trumpf(German), Bystronics (Swedish)

This is the only welding machine I experienced, that you can pick up the welded part straight away after it is welded.

No kidding!

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#5
In reply to #3

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 1:40 AM

Hi Eric,

There are clearly two aspects to your problem :

[a] high thermal conductivity of aluminum parts leading to heating up of rubber hoses and damaging them,

[b] a reliable welding technique that controls the heat input.

For [a] you need to employ 'heat sinking' type of fixtures for holding your workpiece. You can make 'chilling blocks' type fixtures... for instance blocks of pure copper, which has higher thermal conductivity than aluminum. These blocks can also be designed to have water-cooling within their bodies, so as to improve the heat transfer rate. These are commonly used in mass-welding of thin-walled parts, or problematic materials like Titanium/alloys.

You can find guidelines to all this in both ASM's welding handbook in their encyclopedic Metals Handbook series or in AWS publications. Do some internet research too, please.

[b] As for the 'cold welding' clearly a misnomer, because you have to melt the aluminum metal for welding, so heat is very important. The best we can do is to confine the thermal flux to a small area, control the heat from leaking out in all direcions.

Someone recommended laser beam welding, which is an excellent suggestion but the cost of the equipment will be prohibitive. Even the cost of laser beam welding by jobshops would be pretty stiff.

There is a welding process, in fact several of them, which can successfully compete with laser beam welding in providing a highly localized beam of energy, with a deeply penetrating type arc/beam.

Low Current GTAW (gas tungsten arc welding) also called TIG (tungsten inert gas welding) with a Pulsed Power source, can be helpful.

Microplasma Arc Welding, with a very low current arc, and a beam as thin as 0.1mm, which can pass thru' the eye of a needle (sometimes called the needle arc welding) can be a good, cheap substitute. The MPAW equipment may be five to six times cheaper compared to a laser beam welding station.

Do try these.

Regds

Plasmaspecialist

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#6
In reply to #5

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 2:57 AM

Dear Sir,

I enjoyed thoroughly your suggestion given ALUMINUM WELDING. thread..by ERIC. and thought should atleast pass on a word of appreciation, though the thread was irrelevant to me.. but frankly, very informative, very helpfull suggestion, as I myself am dealing in to various welding products, your suggestive reply was very helpfull to me, and if i am benefiting from something, I thought I should atleast thank to it.. Sir, one thing I didn't get is,, the thick ness of the block, secondly TIG, has superb compatibility to be used in sensitive part welding, but would ARGON, not hamper the rubber part? Thirdly, a lay man thought, cant' the block where the rubber is attached or fused, can be welded separately and than fixed on the rubber end.?

Thanking you and Eric.

Rajiv

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#4

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 12:42 AM

It's common for an Automotive A/C repair shop to purchase bulk hose and bulk fittings of various designs to fit what may be encountered in the field. The mechanic simply finds the hose end fittings he needs, measures the length of the assembly needed, cuts the hose to length, and crimps on the fittings. No welding! - No heat damaged hose! Unless you're into something really special here, I'd recommend talking to your local automotive jobber that specializes in A/C to see what's available. some jobbers carry bulk hose and a hose end fitting assortment. They will make up a hose assembly for you based on your specs. They usually have a book of specifications that allows them to look up what's needed based on year, make and model of automobile.

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#17
In reply to #4

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 9:05 AM

I agree with FKIA, your project sounds like you have limited resources for your prototype. find the appropriate fittings and weld or tap the a fitting into the block and attach your hoses.

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#7

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 3:23 AM

Why weld? using modern liquid solutions all that is needed is a close fit the block and a touch of `Loctite` or similar and your tube will be fixed.

This will stand as much heat as your hose.

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#8

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 4:12 AM

If you really have to weld you could try using a heatsink paste like Cold Front instead of making up copper heatsinks.

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#11
In reply to #8

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 5:09 AM

can heat sink paste use for welding too?

i dont know... the amount of heat from welding and soldering...

hmmm... here in Malaysia, laser welding is booming like hot cakes as the electronic industry is facing huge demand in this part of the world...

Personally, I was involved with Industrial Robotics for 6 years, and last year I've arranged Robotics Laser Welding system for a local exhibition and faced a difficulty.

It was to find a suitable "SAMPLE", I am sure if you want to get your parts laser-welded, you may approach these laser suppliers to DEMONSTRATE on your alu parts.

Cheer, :D Please don't say this idea is from me.

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#12
In reply to #11

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 5:13 AM

"can heat sink paste use for welding too?"

This paste is used when welding steel panels during car body repairs.

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#13
In reply to #12

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 5:32 AM

Nigh,

Thanks for the advice.

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#14
In reply to #8

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 8:26 AM

Hello, Do you know a source for cold front type material in the USA? We do alot of specialty welding in my shop where this would be nice to have around.

pipewelder

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#15
In reply to #14

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 8:49 AM

I've only ever seen this from Frost in the UK but, looking at their web page, the tub is marked in imperial units so it wouldn't surprise me if it was made in the USA. You could try e-mailing Frost to ask them, they might tell you or buy a tub from them & look for the manufacturers name on it.

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#16

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 8:49 AM

Have you thought about an adhesive for this? Methyl Methacrylates like ITW-Plexus's MA830 can give you strengths on average of 2000 to 3500psi. Most are approved for underhood temps. The adhesive will act ast an insulator, but you can probably get by using this for prototypes.

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#18

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 9:52 AM

pull the hose, bolt the aluminum to the block with a flange, replace the hose. You can wrap a soaking rag around the aluminum pipe just short of the rubber hose. Aluminum is a good conductor of heat, so make sure it's a big rag with a lot of water in it, and keep it damp so the tube will never be hotter than 212 degrees. In fact, maybe it would be better to rig up some dry ice, but not so close to the hose that it causes it to become brittle. Another solution: Fill the tube and hose with water. There's a product called Alumalloy that can be used like solder with a propane torch, but you'd have to get the block really hot before the solder would flow on it, so spend a couple of days warming up the block first.

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#19

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 3:23 PM

Why are you crimping the rubber hose prior to the welding or brazing? We always brazed/welded first & then crimped on our hoses.

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#20

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 4:03 PM

Another solution: bore out the hole in the block so it's cylindrical (if it isn't already), tap it, thread your pipe, screw it in there. I like that even better than a flange because threads are less likely to be jiggled lose and begin leaking. In fact, even if you are going to weld it, this would be a good preliminary step.

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#21

Re: Welding aluminum

08/09/2007 9:33 PM

Go to this site.

http://www.durafix.com/

Problem solved!

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#22

Re: Welding aluminum

08/13/2007 8:56 AM

As per a previous comment tube to block joints are normally done first then hose crimped on. Most mass production joints are flame brazed.....it is possible to repair leaky joints after hose have been crimped on but success depends several factors and would need to discuss specific application details.

Derek Davies

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#23

Re: Welding aluminum

08/13/2007 11:25 AM

This link will solve your problem.

http://www.durafix.com/

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#25

Re: Welding aluminum

08/20/2007 9:46 AM

Thanks to all for your feedback, all of them were very useful. I am making 10 parts, the first 2 parts I was able to weld them wrapping with soaking rags around the hose, next I will try the adhesive ITW-Plexus's MA830. I also want to try the durafix, so we will order them and see how it works. The "Frost" recommendation was new for me, but definitely is something that I want to try.

Thanks a lot again.

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#26
In reply to #25

Re: Welding aluminum

08/20/2007 10:42 AM

After following this post I bought some Durafix & tried it on some bits of aluminium angle. It's pretty easy to use (not quite as easy as it looks in the video) and the result is a tough joint. It took more heat than I expected but not enough to damage the parts being joined. It is certainly a product that I will use again.

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Users who posted comments:

Anonymous Poster (1); Derek Davies (1); don.ras (1); ericgbt (4); FKIA (1); gumb17jb (1); JOHNCCARTER (1); Labyguy (1); MASH (2); Moto (1); Nigh (5); pipewelder (1); plasmaspecialist (1); prbarry (1); rajiv_damani (1); rbixby (2); Repete (1)

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