Scientists at Cardiff University are using electro-discharge machining (EDM) to drill holes as small as 22 microns (0.022 mm) in stainless steel. The process is achieved by creating a minute electrode, with a diameter of only 6 microns (0.006 mm), which was itself produced by manufacturing a highly precise wire electrode discharge grinder. Need a frame of reference? The human hair varies between 80 microns (0.08 mm) down to 50 microns (0.05 mm) in thickness.