Used for monitoring of critical installations eg airports, industries, nowadays shoppings malls, even small time shops.
Briefly it has one or more cameras which can be fixed type or ones with pan and zoom facilities. These are linked to a syetm thru co-axial cables whcih in turn display the images on a monitor. Selection a a particular camera is possible sitting remotely and you could even have a monitor having multiple images from more than one camera.
This is very very brief.
But the way you have put your query this is maximum that is possible.
Ah ! I'll say CCTV is a combination of camera + Monitor + recorder
a camera need power to work, so, you got to have power for it ( normally DC Power ) and It also need a cable to transmit the video signal to the monitor or recording device if any, you can also add a Pan/Tilt motor to make it move.
CCTV stands for Closed Circuit TV. CCTV uses one or more video cameras to transmit video images and sometimes audio images to a monitor, set of monitors or video recorder. The difference between CCTV and standard TV is that standard TV openly broadcasts signals to the public. CCTV is not openly transmitted to the public. CCTV uses either wireless transmission or a wired transmission to send the broadcast from the video cameras to the monitor(s) or recording device. Most CCTV systems are used for surveillance which can include security monitoring, spying or for safety monitoring purposes.
There are many types of CCTV cameras, they can be categorized by the types of images they are able to capture, the amount of frames they can take per minute, the type of connection to the monitor or video recording device, whether they are able to move position, and special functions they can provide.