You may be talking about blueing, the process of changing the color of steel. As far as I know, phosphoric acid is used, look it up. It does not stop rusting.
I think he is talking about black oxidised. It is veru mildly corrosion resistant.
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Fantastic ideas for a Fantastic World, I make the illogical logical.They put me in cars,they put me in yer tv.They put me in stereos and those little radios you stick in your ears.They even put me in watches, they have teeny gremlins for your watches