ERW adopts to manufacture the pipes by the Electric Resistance Weld process.
JCOE adopts continuous axis contorting J-C-O (J-ing, C-ing and O-ing)process with characteristics of high forming accuracy and efficiency as well as balanced distribution of forming stress.
UOE adopts (U-ing and O-ing)process with characteristics of high forming accuracy and efficiency as well as balanced distribution of forming stress.
"The UOE is so called because it first uses a "U" press, then an "O" press to complete cylinder forming from long plates ordered to size and grade. The cylinder is then welded inside and outside by the submerged arc process by using as many as five welding wires. For JCOE, it is named as it is pressed in to "J", "C" then "O" Shapes and expanded"