Animal Science Blog

Animal Science

The Animal Science Blog is the place for conversation and discussion about scientific and technological topics related to pets, livestock, and other animals. See how cutting-edge advances help - or hinder - species around the world.

Previous in Blog: Tracking Cattle – From Brands to Scans   Next in Blog: Shark Attack: The Demise of a Deep Sea Predator
Close
Close
Close
10 comments
Rate Comments: Nested

What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

Posted July 09, 2008 12:01 AM by SavvyExacta

For several years now, DNA testing has been used to verify the pedigrees of purebred animals such as dogs. But what about a DNA test that goes beyond simple parent verification - one that can suggest the breeds that comprise a mixed-breed dog's lineage? Is such a test even necessary?

MetaMorphix Inc. of Beltsville, Maryland has created such a doggie DNA test. The company's Canine Heritage Breed Test has "tested the DNA of more than 15,000 dogs since launching in February last year". Available for $120 (a small fee opposed to the cost of $100,000+ to clone your pet), the cheek-swab test can identify 100 different dog breeds.

But why would you shell out the equivalent of a tank-and-a-half of gasoline just to know what your dog's background is? There are quite a few reasons. For example, you can:

  • Determine predispositions of certain breeds to problems such as heart conditions and hip dysplasia
  • Understand certain breeds and their special feeding, training, and care needs
  • Estimate the mature size and weight of a mixed-breed puppy
  • Research breed personalities to see if the traits that might appear in the dog are right for your lifestyle and family

According to the Wisdom Panel MX Mixed Breed Analysis website, the canine DNA test was "developed through years of scientific research into the genes that help determine the appearance and behavioral traits of dogs". First, a blood sample is collected from the dog for DNA analysis. The results then appear in a graphic "pedigree" that lists the traits of each breed in the dog's genetic background.

Genetic testing for mixed breeds is especially useful for service dogs such as those that assist the disabled. These dogs work all day pulling and walking, and must be up to the challenge physically. Identifying the breeds in a dog's background can be helpful in ruling out animals based on genetic predispositions.

What about household pets? Is it necessary to perform a DNA test to determine where a backyard mutt came from? In cases of physical issues, DNA testing can help owners catch problems before it's too late. Likewise, testing can help predict the size and potential temperament of a puppy in a shelter so that it can be placed in the best possible home. This is important in preventing the dog from winding back up at the shelter. After all, it's not uncommon for a small, mixed-breed puppy that is estimated to grow to be 20 pounds to grow to be 60 pounds - and too big for a small apartment.

Resources:

http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/lifestyle/stories.nsf/everyday/story/2C316B8BAAAE5D358625746A00566A5C?OpenDocument

http://www.canineheritage.com/

http://www.vetdnacenter.com/canine.html

http://www.whatsmydog.com/

Reply

Interested in this topic? By joining CR4 you can "subscribe" to
this discussion and receive notification when new comments are added.
Guru

Join Date: Aug 2007
Location: Earth - I think.
Posts: 2143
Good Answers: 165
#1

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/09/2008 10:38 AM

The problem is separating the good companies from the "fly-by-nighters". It is still a relatively new industry, and even the ones that are legitimate still might not be up to par.

Since I have a mutt that is having some issues right now, I did the test (awaiting results) on him, and had my other dog tested as well. The other dog is a Border Collie mix, and I know at least the primary and secondary breeds, so he is my control to determine whether they are legit.

__________________
TANSTAAFL (If you don't know what that means, Google it - yourself)
Reply
Guru
United States - Member - Lifelong New Yorker Popular Science - Biology - Animal Science Technical Fields - Technical Writing - Technical Writer

Join Date: Mar 2008
Location: NY
Posts: 2313
Good Answers: 59
#2
In reply to #1

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/09/2008 10:45 AM

Good idea! Please update us when the results come in - and add photos, too!

Reply
Anonymous Poster
#10
In reply to #1

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

03/02/2009 11:08 PM

I was wondering what you thought about the dog dna results.

Reply
Anonymous Poster
#3

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/10/2008 8:59 AM

One could imagine that a DNA test could one day replace "papers" as a qualification for show dogs, as it would be more accurate and harder to forge. I've often wondered if my Siberian Husky, resued from a local shelter, could have been show quality - she appears to have all the AKC breed standard traits and specifications, but obviously no papers. (Of course, we had her "fixed", so that would have taken her out of the running anyway). DNA testing would be good for breeders as well to limit inbreeding as much as possible.

Reply
Guru
United States - Member - Lifelong New Yorker Popular Science - Biology - Animal Science Technical Fields - Technical Writing - Technical Writer

Join Date: Mar 2008
Location: NY
Posts: 2313
Good Answers: 59
#5
In reply to #3

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/10/2008 2:31 PM

Good point - one of my beagles is papered, but the other (the one sitting in my icon) is not. We're not sure if she's a purebred beagle or a beagle/basset mix due to the conformation of her front limbs. She doesn't have the barking, into everything temperament of a beagle, but she doesn't have the extremely laid back temperament of a basset either - she's somewhere in between.

Reply
Power-User
United States - Member - Popular Science - Evolution - Aren't we still evolving?

Join Date: Feb 2007
Location: Troy, NY
Posts: 194
#4

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/10/2008 12:03 PM

I have a Labrador Retriever (yellow) whose parents(black female, yellow male) were genetically tested for their coat color genes. Apparently it's quite complicated and just because parents have a certain coat color does not mean that their offspring will have those colors. You can read more about it here. According to the breeder we purchased our dog from it is common for breeders of Labradors to test for this so they can make predictions about what the litters will be like and plan ahead.

Reply
Guru
United States - Member - Lifelong New Yorker Popular Science - Biology - Animal Science Technical Fields - Technical Writing - Technical Writer

Join Date: Mar 2008
Location: NY
Posts: 2313
Good Answers: 59
#6
In reply to #4

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/10/2008 2:34 PM

This is an interesting concept - especially if certain colors are more in demand than others. My dad's Llewellyn (English) setter's parents were tested for genetic evidence of hip dysplasia but I've never heard of testing for coat color. It makes sense though!

Reply
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#7

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/11/2008 8:09 AM

problem with pedigrees is that undesirable traits become more prevalent in these so called pure breeds for lack of genetic diversification. Traits that did not come naturally. such as Hip Dysplasia in German Shepperd's and certain nasal issues in Bulldogs, ect...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_dysplasia_%28canine%29

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply
Guru
United States - Member - Lifelong New Yorker Popular Science - Biology - Animal Science Technical Fields - Technical Writing - Technical Writer

Join Date: Mar 2008
Location: NY
Posts: 2313
Good Answers: 59
#8
In reply to #7

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/11/2008 8:13 AM

This is true - two of my three beagles have had heart murmurs and one has had cervical disc issues (which I wrote a four-part blog series on). My dad's Llewellyn setter, which I previously commented on, does not have the hip dysplasia that's common to the breed. He does have cancer though, which after researching I found shows up a lot in setters.

Reply
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#9
In reply to #8

Re: What’s in a Mutt? DNA Testing for Dogs

07/11/2008 8:29 AM

yes each breed seems to have issues. When I was on the farm we rarely had a full blooded dog, mostly collies. Sometimes "Heinz 57" not quite sure what. they were the healthy and more Verile it seems

phoenix911

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply
Reply to Blog Entry 10 comments
Copy to Clipboard

Users who posted comments:

Anonymous Poster (2); julie (1); Kilowatt0 (1); phoenix911 (2); SavvyExacta (4)

Previous in Blog: Tracking Cattle – From Brands to Scans   Next in Blog: Shark Attack: The Demise of a Deep Sea Predator

Advertisement