For several years now, DNA testing has been used to verify
the pedigrees of purebred animals such as dogs.
But what about a DNA test that goes beyond simple parent verification - one
that can suggest the breeds that comprise a mixed-breed dog's lineage? Is such
a test even necessary?
MetaMorphix Inc. of Beltsville,
Maryland has created such a
doggie DNA test. The company's Canine
Heritage Breed Test has "tested the DNA of more than 15,000 dogs since
launching in February last year". Available
for $120 (a small fee opposed to the cost of $100,000+ to clone
your pet), the cheek-swab test can identify 100 different dog breeds.
But why would you shell out the equivalent of a tank-and-a-half
of gasoline just to know what your dog's background is? There are quite a few reasons. For example,
you can:
- Determine predispositions of
certain breeds to problems such as heart conditions and hip dysplasia
- Understand certain breeds and
their special feeding, training, and care needs
- Estimate the mature size and
weight of a mixed-breed puppy
- Research breed personalities to
see if the traits that might appear in the dog are right for your lifestyle and
family
According to the Wisdom
Panel MX Mixed Breed Analysis website, the canine DNA test was "developed
through years of scientific research into the genes that help determine the
appearance and behavioral traits of dogs". First, a blood sample is collected
from the dog for DNA analysis. The
results then appear in a graphic "pedigree" that lists the traits of each breed
in the dog's genetic background.
Genetic testing for mixed breeds is especially useful for
service dogs such as those that assist the disabled. These dogs work all day pulling and walking,
and must be up to the challenge physically. Identifying the breeds in a dog's
background can be helpful in ruling out animals based on genetic
predispositions.
What about household pets?
Is it necessary to perform a DNA test to determine where a backyard mutt
came from? In cases of physical issues, DNA
testing can help owners catch problems before it's too late. Likewise, testing can help predict the size
and potential temperament of a puppy in a shelter so that it can be placed in
the best possible home. This is important in preventing the dog from winding back
up at the shelter. After all, it's not uncommon for a small, mixed-breed puppy that
is estimated to grow to be 20 pounds to grow to be 60 pounds - and too big for
a small apartment.
Resources:
http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/lifestyle/stories.nsf/everyday/story/2C316B8BAAAE5D358625746A00566A5C?OpenDocument
http://www.canineheritage.com/
http://www.vetdnacenter.com/canine.html
http://www.whatsmydog.com/
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