Corrosion is omnipresent and affects vertually every thing on the earth. Only the difference will be in the rate of corrosion. Do we have any authentic figure, may be % GDP of a country ? How can we control the loss due to corrosion ?
as a blanket figure, we can't. When we factor in all the components for loss and prvention as to all industries, we stand a better chance of hitting a hole in one with a putter on a par five than of getting any reliable figure
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For iron or steel using the proper type of paint and also a small bar of mg located at various points to act as a sacrifical anode.
What annoys me as a home owner is finding out that I have to replace boards because the nails in the boards has rusted out, leaving a hole in the wood where it starts to rot out. If they had used stainless steel screws, instead of regular steel nails I would not have this problem. Why screws instead of nail? To miminize spliting wood.
Note: chemically treated (pressure treated) wood has copper ions that eat up regular nails or screws.
First you need to define how much corrosion results in a loss. In some cases, 10% is a loss, others its may be 50% or more. Controlled corrosion is the best case. Take it to a certain point, then stop. This virtually prevents additional corrosion from taking place. There are several ways of doing this. Structural steel has been treated this way for years.