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Anonymous Poster

Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/16/2008 1:13 AM

What's the best approach? Trench down two stories and try to waterproof from exterior and hope that the foundation isn't destabilized? Waterproof the inside surface and let the rebar rust away? Create some sort of breathing zone between concrete and a yet-to-be-built interior wall and create a mold opportunity? Buy a big room dehumidifier and consider the running rust streaks to be art in progress? Drill holes through the 2 ft thick wall and try to drain any water collected into the city sewer? Wait, chia seeds!!? This is a 3+ story house on a very steep hill in San Francisco.... Thank you for any advice you can give. P.S. -- Ten years ago it was given 2 coats of oil based Dry Lock, but that didn't solve the problem. From Rin1

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#1

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/16/2008 7:53 AM

You could put in an underdrain system for the purpose of intercepting what seems to be seepage water moving down gradient from the hill to a lower gradient. The underdrain would offer the seepage water a path around the foundation wall. This system consists of perforated pipe bedded in permeable fill (i.e. peastone). When the seepage encounters the underdrain trench, it will enter the perforated pipe through the holes. The pipe will reroute this seepage around the foundation.

The problem occured when the Contractor did not provide a proper key-way and waterstop at the construction joint between the footing and the wall.

I am making assumptions here which will need to be verified for a successful design. You need to determine the soil permeabilty, ground water gradient across the site, etc. for a successful design. If the water table gradient is zero this solution will not work. This would typically be the case at the bottom of the hill where the ground water is above the slab.

The principal here is that the building was placed on the slope of land under which exists a confined aquifer which the house construction rendered unconfined. Again, all of this is based upon pure speculation. You can place monitoring wells in to find the seasonal water table. Take a 2 inch PVC pipe and make a well by cutting the pipe every couple of inches with a hack saw. Cap the well. Go out and measure the water at each well. You will then be able to determine the water table gradient across the site.

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Anonymous Poster
#5
In reply to #1

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/17/2008 7:36 AM

Good answer!

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Anonymous Poster
#7
In reply to #1

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/17/2008 10:06 AM

excellent answer, sparky this is a thums upper.

if another comment is allowed, i if they are available on the county planning office files i would fine comb the original buiding plan inspector inspector at the county offices then set up a chain of suits to cover the expenses you are now running into: after doing that and meticulously following EVERYTHING in reply one you might want to consider putting the heavy duty 1.5" thick bubble pack type wall drain material the full length of house foundation width plus 2' on each corner from at least a foot above ground right down to the outside line of the french drain that would/ should have been filed in the original plans and inspected by the county property standards officer

'da ber

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#2

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/16/2008 11:12 PM

Electroosmosis is used in the southeast to correct this problem. If you have a compatible soil type all you have to do is sink some electrodes.

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#3

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/16/2008 11:55 PM

Not too far from your location, Elkgrove to be exact, is the Sacramento Regional Waste Water Treatment Plant. When they experience this problem, they use a contractor who drills holes in the leaking area, then injects a compound that expands when in contact with moisture. It works so well, that they will not allow any other method or contractor. I wish I could remember the name of the contractor.

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#6
In reply to #3

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/17/2008 8:58 AM

This sounds like it might be a bentonite injection process. In theory if done right will work quite well, BUT be very careful of contractor references. During the 60's and 70's, bentonite got a bad rap because of less than honest/qualified contractors squirting the stuff all over except near the problem areas.

Another possibility might be epoxy injection from the inside. Again the caveat is get a qualified contractor. I've used Perma-Seal in my area with good results.

Check www.basementsystems.com for information.

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#4

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/16/2008 11:59 PM

www.kryton.com

www.xypex.com

This is capillary Crystalline Reactive technology and, even though applied from the inside after removing the other attempts which did not work(must be applied to the concrete not a coating) it migrates as far as 18" into the concrete to seal the leak at the point of ingress. Thus, the rebar is spared from the oxidation caused when it is subjected o the wet environment caused by the leak.

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#8

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/17/2008 11:01 PM

Guest,

I expect that digging down and redoing any waterproofing on the outside is not feasible because of the steepness of the hillside the house is on. I was born and raised in SF, so I expect that the hill is mostly shale, and the water leakage is coming down in all the layers of the shale from uphill. An old church (now a home) I attended for many years had water in its basement through the exposed shale rock on its uphill side whenever it rained and for many days thereafter.

You say it is leaking "at rebar tie points". Do you mean the places where there were form straps to hold the two sides of the forms together during the pours (typically flat straps about 1.5" wide, which are broken off flush to the concrete after the pour, or heavy wires that are usually broken off behind the surface and then grouted over)? I assume that is what you mean. These tie points are a typical place where seepage can occur, but they usually have little to do with the structural integrity of the wall or its reinforcement after the wall has been poured.

Besides the bentonite injection mentioned by others (which is a good way of sealing leaks in ponds, concrete walls, etc), I have a couple other suggestions:

BEST: Drill part-way through the wall at these leaking tie points (alongside them) and then fill the holes to within about 2-inches of the surface with powdered bentonite. Plug the remaining portion of the holes with an expanding-type of hydraulic cement. When water next tries to penetrate, the bentonite will expand and be very effective in sealing the cracks against any further leakage. I would make these drilled holes 1/2 - 3/4" diameter and up to 12" deep. After the bentonite has been poured or otherwise injected into the holes, a small plug of plastic foam will keep it in place and keep it away from the hydraulic cement you are using to cap the holes. You can buy this bentonite from Tractor Supply company (labeled as "pond sealer"), and probably many other suppliers. You don't want the type which is premixed with portland cement.

POSSIBLE: Consider chiseling around these leaking tie points in a "V" shaped sort of cut, cutting off any exposed tie metal, cleaning the surfaces of the "V" thoroughly, and then filling the "V" with hydraulic cement. (Hydraulic cement expands slightly as it cures, unlike concretes which shrink slightly when they cure).

NOT LIKELY: If your lot allows access to the uphill sides of the basement walls at basement floor level (or levels higher), you may be able to have a company do horizontal directional drilling to install one or more "french drains" in the shale rock or backfill, a couple feet away from the wall. In SF, however, this may not be possible because of typically small lot sizes, close house spacing, steepness of the hillside lots, and difficulty with access to the yard. This would be the most expensive approach and all it does is reduce the water pressure on the outside without eliminating leakage paths through the concrete.

Finally, any drainage you collect should not be run to the city sanitary sewers, but brought to grade level or curbside at a point where it does not create additional surface drainage on a neighbor's lot. In SF, like in most older American cities, the storm and sanitary sewer systems are frequently tied together. However, this places an expensive load on the sewer water treatment plants and causes problems with overflows of untreated sewage during storms. For these reasons, current building codes are usually forbidding the running of storm drainage to sanitary sewers.

Share any additional details, if possible, as this may make our answers more applicable to your circumstances, and let us know how things go.

Thanks--JMM

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#9
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Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/18/2008 8:21 PM

A good explanation of how a DIYer could do the work. I give you a "Good Answer".

And please share any details on outcome. It helps me learn (especially if you use a different fix) and satisfies my curiousity for "the rest of the story".

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#10

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/24/2008 5:41 AM

Bugger doing that kind of work Get professionals in.

Pressure grouting. Try leak-proof or http://www.pressure-grouting.com/

You maybe able to claim on insurance. If you try to do it yourself you may give yourself a false sense of safety. Let's face it SF isn't exactly the most seismicaly stable place in the U.S.

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#11
In reply to #10

Re: Water leaking through two story basement wall at rebar tie points

04/24/2008 11:05 AM

Your mastery of understatement overwhelms me!

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