you need futher than this. How much ampere, at what voltage( only medium wont do), voltage drop, cable below ground, or in air, what material of cable, sigle phase or 3 phase , so many things are involved.
Just go to cable dealer and get standard charts. may be some charts be there in the net.
but , it seems he is looking for some elctrical information. Otherwise he could have asked for how to calculate the crossection of a round rod ?
Now when he says medium , and then he says Cable ( not wires), so it could be 3 phase cable. May be 3 phase 4 wire? Now is he looking for outerdia of cable with the insulation or is he looking for cross section of each phase by which a cable is specifiied eg 185sq.mm Aluminium cable for 415Volt supply , 3 phase , 4 wire , below ground installation etc etc. Now when you see the cross section of cable and having multiple strands and each cable bunch is not fully circular - then you know it is not pai/4x square of "d'.
Please refer IEC 60287 parts to calculate the diameter of MV cables. The standard said a lot on insulation, metal tape, conductor etc etc. The calculation gives approximate diameter.
Biswanath das is correct. A MV Cable is chosen based on the current to be carried (depends on the circuit application - a CT, a VT, Power or Control circuits). Also, other parmeters shall also be imporant like short circuit current, type of laying, type of insulation.