forged steel and castle steel

Boy you've got me.

I never heard of castle steel, but A.M.Castle is a steel service center that can provide hot rolled or cold drawn steel bars.

Forged steel has been shaped by pressure at hot work ing temperatures. Typically forgings are considered stronger because they have controlled flow of grain to internally reinforce the product.

WHat level of properties are you looking for?

Typically most of us start with a List of must requirements like minimum yield strength ductility, or chemical grade 4140, etc.

Where did you hear about castle steel?

milo

Hello lineman380

In addition to what Milo above wrote, I have checked through many references to "Castle Steel', and they either are a Company who actually manufactured steel, or are distributors or manufacturers of items such as garage doors.

Reply here, with

Kind Regards....

Possibly 'cast steel'?

Hello dovy

I just had a thought, that the first language of lineman380 may be French, and that phrase may then be cast le steel, with the first two words run together by keyboard user error.

We shall see, merci beaucoup.

kind Regards....

Hi all, I think our original poster is a non English speaker like me. That gives me some more experience on the absurd words one can write

Milo has explained very well the difference between forged and "cast" steel. The only thing I can't understand, if the real meaning is "cast": Where and why he intend to use "cast steel" bolting material?

Bolting material use to be manufactured by threading forged or rolled bars. Isn't it?

well forged steel is hammered into submission

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forge

en Cast steel is melted and poured into a mold

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast_steel

Perhaps another possibility is that the enquirer may have misinterpreted castellated nuts as being made from castle steel.

Pete.

Hello BigPete

You have mentioned the word: Nuts, and now perhaps our CR4 resident squirrel, Kris, may pay some attention, and arrive back from holiday.

Kind Regards....

I'm Very sorry I get mistake question…my question again:-

What is the different between forged steel and cast-Iron???

When I should use this one or that one for selection nuts and bolts or whatever of used?

Hey, no problem.

I don't know that i have ever seen cast iron nuts or bolts,

Look up dura bar for info on cast iron as an engineering product.

http://www.dura-bar.com/

You won't be seeing bolts or nut applications there.

If you can email me your private email address by clicking on my handle above to send me a private message, I can send you the SAE spec for nuts. It covers only steel. I will send it when i return to the office next week.

I'm also not sure that you need forged, for most applications, though pressure vessel applications and piping components to match grade ASTM A193 bolts (for example) are likely choices.

milo

Hello lineman380

I agree with Milo above.

Cast Iron is generally regarded as unsuitable for any product which is in Tension.

Cast Iron is extremely strong in Compression, (Engine Block, Lathe Bed, Heavy machine tool frames, large castings etc).

Cast Iron is very weak in Tension, (Reinforcement for concrete, Bolts, Nuts and the like).

Cast Iron is prone to development of stress cracking under tensile stresses.

There has been developments to lessen Stress crack propagation, with the use of "Nodular Cast Iron", where graphite exists in the now ductile metal matrix as tiny spheres or nodules, this is not a perfect solution.

The nodules (spheres) in such ductile Cast Iron, work on the same principle of stopping a stress crack in metals by drilling a small round hole at the end of the crack, which relieves the immediate stress enough to prevent the crack continuing in most cases.

Have a read about Cast Iron here: http://www.roymech.co.uk/Useful_Tables/Matter/Cast_iron.html

Against what is stated above, in very early machinery you may see cast iron nuts, enormous in size - the reason was that in those early days, almost 200 years ago, the metal-workers were not able to make Steel Nuts because they had neither the machinery, or the Steel of sufficient strength.

That stronger steel had to await the invention of the Bessemer Converter, which blew air, (later ones sometimes used Oxygen) through the molten contents of the furnace, enabling impurities to be carefully "burnt out" until the correct amount of carbon remained, then the contents were tipped out to be rolled into plate, beams and the like:

Bessemer process - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bessemer converters produced steel for £7 a long ton, although they ...Bessemer converter, Kelham Island Museum, Sheffield, England (2002) ...

How it works and a photograph of what is believed to be the only remaining example in England.

Trust that helps you in your selection of Steel Bolts and Nuts.

Kind Regards....

Thanks to all for yours interesting

I submit again my question with more information on chemical forum might be the correct place ?

WHat would be the point of that?

Please clarify what you want to know and we'll handle it.

milo

Thanks Milo for your interesting,

Actually my qust.. Because I'm in position to receive spare parts for transmission line hardware

Below my question on Chemical forum

I noticed that the hardware materials for transmission line are different from manufacture to others in there catalogs as following: - Some they say 1- Cast Iron or

2- Forged Steel or

3- Ductile Iron or

4- Malleable Iron

1-What is the different between these 4 types? Which is better for long services?

(for Humid ,Fog and salt area )

2- I'm looking also for instrument for Testing and Inspection Hardware, Tools like slings, ropes, shackles for our safety used.

Can some body guide me for a good instrument?

Regard

So i'm thinking high voltage power line?

What exactly is the hardware doing?

What is atmosphere: saltwater near ocean? Freshwater only? Urban /acid rain? Rural, less pollution.

Tensile loads I'm thinking forged steel is way to go. Cast iron has lower tensile strength and is less shock resistant too. CAst iron is brittle, so a poor choice if there is any bending or flexing. Franklly, I thionk of cast irons as suitable for frames and structures.

Saltwater, Steel is better resistance.

If sulfur oxides are in the area (acid rain, they would be harder on iron than on steel.)

There are weathering types of steel available as well, they usually have elevated copper levels to promote corrosion resistance. Cor ten is one example.

My guessis that the cast parts are much less expensive. to buy.

In service, i'm thinking the forged steel partswill deliver greater lifetime value.

TEsting question- what kind of tests?

milo

Thanks for your fast reply

I would like to insert some hardware pictures put I don't know how??

click on the littlegreen^ camera icon abovethe text box that you type in.

it will browse to your files.

milo

I can't find my subject forged steel and castle steel in mechanical engineering? I can get it only from my personal Email?? I don't know where is it??
i post picture and more information but i its not site???

Hello lineman380

Have a read of my Topic here: http://cr4.globalspec.com/thread/15743/How-to-insert-Graphics-into-your-Post-to-make-it-more-readable-or-interesting

That should get you started on the Graphics. Then you can experiment a little.

As far as line hardware goes, all used historically in New Zealand was forged, and Hot-dipped Galvanised.

Salt exposure in New Zealand is very high, as all winds are salt-laden to some degree.

With the exception of HV substations, where the copper tubes and cables were connected into phosphor-bronze clamps, which were bolted through a flat flange, to the Line hardware, Air-blast breakers, transformers and the like, with High-tensile phosphor-bronze bolts and nuts, and depending on the current rating of the connection, Belleville washers were used.

NZ early conductor hardware came from Ohio Brass, or Pilkingtons, later from Japanese or Chinese sources.

Japanese quality was OK.

Chinese early shipments did have quality assurance problems.

Trust that assists you

Kind Regards....

Yes our weather is very hard saltwater near ocean, very

High humidity in August, dusty in May, June so, any steel not hot Dip Galvanized it will be fast rusty.

Attached Example of line hardware, the mechanical strength you can say start from 111 kn as per our standard till 460 kn depending on (weight & No) of conductor tower angle…

Front of me now one of MF Hardware all the dimensions are exactly same except Failing Load for Cast Iron 70 kn and Forged steel 120 kn ?

Can we say forged steel is better or depending on location, area to be used or what???

Hi, lineman380.

As already said, there is no significant differences on the behaviour of a piece in that saltwater environment between forged and cast steel (different production method) if the chemical composition is nearly the same.

For a same alloy composition, forged items have better mechanical properties than casted ones. Cast pieces are more prone to have internal discontinuities (gas cavities, shrinkages, sand or other non metallic inclusions, etc.) The presence of this discontinuities make the actual loads bearing cross sections be less than apparent resulting therefore in a failing load lower than those reached by forged ones.

So, to choose between forged or cast, forget the location (both will rust) just think on your own mechanical resistance requirements.

Best regards

Hello again lineman380

Use forged hot-dipped galvanised components if you can afford it.

The small extra cost of forged hot-dipped galvanised components far outweighs the early replacement and maintenance costs of using cast components.

The normally expected life of a HV or EHV line is 20 - 40 years, and the initial extra cost paid wil enable that to be achieved.

Thus in an economic sense, you cannot afford to use anything but forged hot-dipped galvanised components.

Kind Regards....