1. Short the secondary side of the transformer with a current measuring devices (Ammeter)
2. Apply low voltage in primary side and increase the voltage so that the secondary current is the rated secondary current of the trnasformer. Measure the primary voltage (V1).
3. Divide the V1 by the rated primary voltage of the transformer and multiply by 100. This value is the percentage impedance of the transformer.
When we divide the primary voltage V1 with the full load voltage we will get the short circuit impedance of the transformer with refereed to primary or Z01. For getting the percentage impedance we need to use the formula
= Z01*Transformer MVA /(Square of Primary line voltage).