Radiography Test@ X-Ray Procedure

Could you tell us what kind of application you have on your plant or process?

If you want to inspect pipes or welding joints on vessel go to ASME CODES V-VIII

If you want to inspect pipes or welding joints in fired heaters equiment go to API CODE.

If your application is related to structural fabrication go to AWS D1.1

If your desire is to understand the procedure or the fundamentals go to AMS SECTION 17 ON NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING.

Any kind of x-ray performed in the industry is regulated by : NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION www.nrc.gov

API = American Petroleum Institute

ASME = American Society of Mechanical Enginners.

AWS = America Weldind Society.

Israel Barron

ibarron@sfmex.com

Steel Fab Mexico.

Hi....in industrial radiography welds & other kinds of jobs including cross country pipelines are invariably supject to Gamma ray radiography. The source is an Irredium -192 isotope. It is highly portable and can be carried or setup at any odd position. These sources are handled by licenced radiographers and regulated by a central authority in India as well as most countries.

X-rays offer better clarity but have limitations due to X-ray machine size etc which is the source of the radiation as it is always not possible to get the job to the m/c or take the m/c to the job.

Mr Israel Barron has already mentioned the standards which are universally available. Please go ahead.

Anil Tiwari

Israel is correct, you must advise what exactely you would like to x-ray. There are many ways to go, in field applications or hot applications you could use an isotope.

Alot is dependant on what you are looking to find. Wall thickness? Defects? Or foreign object in something? Buried pipe? If you let us know we can help define a procedure or advise on the correct standard.

If you are looking for "PROCEDURE" to Radiographic Testing, firstly you have to conclude type of radiation source you want to use i.e. X-Ray or Gamma Rays. Some time in the Contract Document, Radiographic Testing done by X-Ray and Gamma Rays - both mention to X-Ray of the object. Mr. Israel has correctly mentioned the International Standards (API, ASME and AWS). In Industrial Radiography, Radigraphic Testing is used to find flaw(s) in casting, forging fabrication and welding. Since corrective action on casting, forging, fabrication and welding is taken on size of defect, interpreted through processed film and action advised, the size and type of defect is very importan. On the given object, the size of defect varies due to more than one reason, that is source film distance, defect film distance, source angle to film, type of film (coarse or fine grains) and lead screen used in the film cassets etc. Each Radiographer has his own way of taking (shooting)radographs, hence diferent radiographer has different interepretaion influence by the above reason on 'one' given object, specialy when the procedure for radiographic testing is not set. Consequently evaluation of defect is not correctly made according to specification. This is one big reason Radiographic Testintg is required. Radiographic Testing Procedure is prepared and submitted by the Radiographic Contractor to the Buyer for approval and implementation. If you can farward me the complete detail of what you are going to radiograph and the applicable International Code, I would make you a pro-forma for Radiographic Testing Procedure. If you are unable to give all information needed, please come back to ask and supply the information through the questionnaire that would be sent to you in the next discussion.

I would like to know the construction requirements for a room to hold radiographic testing equipment.