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Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/17/2009 5:09 PM

Hi,

I was asked to calculate flows of Arabian Heavy Crude for a 350 KDWT vessel. The LENGTH OF PIPELINE WILL BE 11000 M. I found the properties of Arabian Crude on the web as:

  • API Gravity: 28.42
  • RVP psig: 3.60
  • Gas to C4 % wt: 5.13
  • Total Wax % wt: 3.52
  • Pour Point: -51 to -23
  • Cloud Point: 12 to 46
  • H2S in Oil Phase ppm: 0-15
  • Benzen % wt: 0.07
  • H2S Vapour: YES
  • Kinematic Viscosity: T20 C = v1 cSt = 43.33

Any suggestions or advise on how to tackle this question?

dejand9

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Guru

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#1

Re: Arabian Heavy and Flow Rate

08/17/2009 6:21 PM

"Any suggestions or advise on how to tackle this question?"

Yes,

Go to the person who asked you to calculate the flows of, " Arabian Heavy Crude", and tell them that you have absolutely no idea how to perform this task. Tell him you have been reduced to begging total strangers for help with this project, and maybe he will take pity on you and give you a task you are competent to complete.

Otherwise I'd look for flow calcs on the web and get on with it.

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#4
In reply to #1

Re: Arabian Heavy and Flow Rate

08/18/2009 9:00 AM

Hi,

Thanks for replaying. I was thinking along the lines of CRANE -Flow of Fluids as a starting point instead of the internet.

Ciao

Dejan

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#2

Re: Arabian Heavy and Flow Rate

08/17/2009 8:40 PM

Would suggest you contact your engineering department to conduct the calculations. It is fairly straight forward given the information you have.

You might try using the Hazen-Williams Equation:

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html

to define the frictional pressure losses for the flows you want to look at, but you will need to know the elevation differences, etc. to do the total analysis.

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#3

Re: Arabian Heavy and Flow Rate

08/18/2009 3:24 AM

Use the Weisbach-Darcy equation for generalised pipe flow.

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Engineering Fields - Piping Design Engineering - New Member Egypt - Member - Member since 02/18/2007

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#5

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/19/2009 1:23 AM

You can easily calculate the pressure drop through that crude oil pipeline by using the charts Crude_Oil_Pipeline_Flow_Charts :

1. Define the Degree API Gravity of the crude oil as follows: Degree API Gravity = (141.5/Specific Gravity) -131.5

2. Define the flow rate in Barrels per hour.

3. Use the Charts of the attached file Figures 15, 16, 17 & 18 to find directly the pressure loss in psi per mile , and note that the pressure loss is based on an oil with Specific Gravity 1 or 10o API (water).

Note. There is a chance for selection of variaty pipe diameters which satisfy the recommended velocity of the specified crude oil and -in the same time- fulfill the targeted flow rate. So, you can make a study for about 3 diameters and select the most economic one to match with the pumping station cost (intial cost + power and running cost).

4. Calculate the pressure loss per mile for your oil at its specified API as follows: Pressure loss at specified API = Pressure loss at 10o API (extracted from the chart) X Specific Gravity of oil.

5. Calculate the total pressure loss of the pipeline = Pressure loss per mile X Total length of pipeline

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#6
In reply to #5

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/19/2009 12:17 PM

Mr. Galala,

You always impress me. Your answer is best as usual. Thank you!

I would like to learn more on the subject, are there any books you would recommend?

Again you never size to amaze me with the quality of your knowledge.

Thanks

Dejan

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Engineering Fields - Piping Design Engineering - New Member Egypt - Member - Member since 02/18/2007

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#7
In reply to #6

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/20/2009 1:38 AM

• The attached file contains 3 Chapters of Oil Pipeline Handbook: Crude_Oil_Pipeline__Chapters_I, II & VI

• Also, the following site is very interesting for free sharing and downloading of codes, standards, handbooks and software covers a lot of science branches: http://www.egpet.net/vb/index.php

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#8
In reply to #7

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/20/2009 8:52 AM

Mr. Galala,

When I come to see the Pyramid's I will stop by to say hello and thank you. I wish my coworkers would be as forthcoming with information as you are.

Thank you

Dejan

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#9
In reply to #8

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/20/2009 10:13 AM

You are welcome dejand9.

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#11
In reply to #7

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/28/2009 4:33 AM

• I think the following 4Shared site is very very interesting to you, just write the name or word(s) of the book or text you need in "Search for" and then click "Search" pushbutton, or click here: Pipeline , Oil Pipeline & Piping Systems.

• Also, another very interesting site free download for sciences: Biology, Chemical engineering, Chemistry, Civil engineering, Control and instrumentation, Electrical engineering, Geology, Mathematics, Mechanical engineering, Physics and Computer/IT.

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#12
In reply to #11

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

09/09/2009 9:40 AM

Mr Galala,

Thank you for the follow up advise. I was away to see my dad who just had a medical issue. I will review all the sites and I'll keep in touch with you.

Do you agree that steam pipe should be sloped at 1/8" per foot?

Hope all is well with you. Thanks for shearing your knowledge.

Regards,

Dejan

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#13
In reply to #12

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

09/09/2009 2:09 PM

Dear dejand9, hope to find your dad in a good health.

With respect to sloped steam lines, I think using slope 1/8" per foot (1:96) is too much, where I recommend a smaller slope of 1:300 up to 1:450. And I recommend to furnish your steam line with a driplegs for gathering condensates, and connect that driplegs with a steam traps.

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#10

Re: Arabian Heavy Crude and Flow Rate

08/20/2009 12:57 PM

For additional information on how we calculate the pressure drop using Darcy-Weisbach equation and From Moody graph, see the solved example at CR4 Thread Selecting Pipe Size.

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