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Anonymous Poster

Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/21/2010 4:50 AM

Does a Mosfet with a body diode need external freewheeling diode when it is used as a switch for simple relay or any inductive load?

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#1

Re: Mosfet as a swithc for inductive load

04/21/2010 5:30 AM

Yes and no.
You will probably be fine without an external diode, for small inductive loads but in some applications it can be usefull. EG. If you are driving a small (1A) DC motor the diode provides braking for the motor which can be useful. It can also minimes noise spikes which may cause interferrence problems elsewhere (A capacitor across the load will help).
If you are at the design stage it is better to design it in, you can then leave it out if you wish to save a few pence.
One problem with Mosfets is they will occaisionally fail short circuit for no obvious reason (Which is a bad thing...as you don't really want to pump 300Litres of bleach into a commercial laundry machine) , so anything you can do to minimise that risk is a good thing.
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#2

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/21/2010 10:34 PM

Sorry to disagree with Del but ABSOLUTELY YES.

MOSFETs are very easy to destroy with back EMF and fast recovery diodes are relatively cheap. The internal diode in the FET stops reverse voltage on the FET but does not stop back EMF from the inductive load when the FET turns off from exceeding the supply rail by many times. I measured 100 V spikes on my PWM controlled 10 inch thermo-fans which were running from a 12 VDC PWM - (deliberate to see what the back EMF would be).

Add the diode!

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#3
In reply to #2

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/21/2010 11:34 PM

I agree. I always use a diode. I've always assumed the built-in diode is more for parasitic inductances than for large coils.

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#4
In reply to #2

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 3:37 AM

No prob...
But you are not entirely dissagreeing with me...(see first word of my original post)

I did say for small inductive loads example a small DC motor (12v @1A) which will typically give say 3 times the rail as a reverse spike, which is well within the rating of say a 14N05L.
Measurement with a scope is always the best way to see what's going on, and if the spikes are well withing the MOSFET rating then there is no prob.
But better safe than sorry is a good thing, which I meant to be the essence of my reply.
Out of interest isn't it better to place the diode on the actual load as it reduces the current path and thus radiation?

(The position of my comma in line 2 of my original post is incorrect, here are some spares which can be used elsewhere,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,)
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#10
In reply to #4

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 6:48 PM

Thanks Del. I have repositioned the comma (virtually) and I now understand your response better.

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#5

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 4:08 AM

Thanks for all reply...

If the mosfets are used for BLDC motor control, then what is recomended in this case as far as external frewheeling diodes concerns?

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#6
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Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 4:43 AM

<Sigh> if only I knew what BLDC stood for...
Anyhow I think the concensus has been pretty firmy established as, when in doubt fit 'em.

Actually there is a good link in this blog which I wrote a while back about flywheel diodes in DC motor control.
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#7

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 5:07 AM

BLDC = Brushless DC motor which generally requires in 3 phase control

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#8

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 7:34 AM
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#9

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/22/2010 9:35 AM

The answer to the question will depend on several items. Without knowing the FET characteristics it would be safest to install a clamping diode.

Many newer FETs can reliably switch an un-clamped inductive load. The ability of the FET can be determined by the Eas specification of the FET. This is the Single Pulse Avalanche Energy rating of the FET. For example the Fairchild FQA24N50 has a rating of 1100 mJ. Knowing the inductance and the current and the duty cycle you will be switching will allow the determination of whether this device can reliably switch your load without an external clamp.

Be careful since not all FET manufacturers will have a high Avalanche Energy rating.

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#11
In reply to #9

Re: Mosfet As A Switch For Inductive Load

04/25/2010 6:35 PM

If there's a distance of several inches or so between the FET and the inductive load, you may want to clamp physically at the inductor. Once you open space between the FET and the inductive load you'll have interesting currents flowing through the ground plane that can mess up a control IC, etc. In design reviews I've experienced, the clamp at the inductor would be a requirement.

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