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Anonymous Poster

Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/01/2010 12:19 PM

One of the more outrageous aspects of the BP oil spill -- and this saying something -- is the Coast Guard completely dropped the ball letting BP go more than a day or so without providing an accurate flow rate of the light crude in the pipe.

BP either knew or should have known the flow rate to at least +/- 10%.

Instead BP was off by orders of magnitude.

Of all the free online calculators Darcy / Moody / Fanning calculators bring up more hits than anything else in science and engineering.

All that is necessary is a pressure drop over a length of the pipe.

Everything else is known to two or more sig figs, pressure, temperature viscosity density pipe diameter, pipe roughness, etc.

Commercially available pressure sensors are only accurate to +/- 0.05% which only gives about 1 psi resolution at 2500 psi. One psi would require hundreds of feet of pipe to get a big enough pressure drop for an accurate flow rate.

Only a pressure _drop_ is necessary, however, so it is still easy to get a precise flow rate.

The back of the diaphragm or other strain gaged structure of a low pressure sensor is simply equalized with the sea water pressure by a valve which closes 50 feet above the pipe. The valve could be spring loaded like a relief valve eliminating the necessity of remote control.

The resolution would then be 0.01 psi.

Another method would be to wire the strain gages from two separate high pressure sensors, one upstream and one downstream, together as two legs of a Wheatstone bridge.

Difference measurement techniques could also be made with a pitot tube at 170 bar.

A friend who worked on a 6 oil spill said that BP executives will never have to worry about any criminal prosecution.

The reason is everything they did or "merely omitted" was OKed by the Coasties, a variation of "we were only following orders."

He said the root of the problem was the Coast Guard is underfunded. They need to hire someone with a background in the petroleum industry or at least fluids.

Bret Cahill

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Anonymous Poster
#1

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/01/2010 7:14 PM

It's not like a 100 kg / sec. flow rate is a subtle or imperceptible event which could get lost in nano voltage noise.

It would take over 38 watts to accelerate it in a perpendicular direction with some active sensor like a Corioli wheel with a tip speed of just 1 m/sec.

And it's not like the flow meter needs to sample the entire flow stream and perform for years and years.

Just get a turbine or propeller flow meter to work in the stream for a few seconds.

No matter how their lawyers try to rationalize it BP executives are criminally negligent.

Either they knew or they should have known the flow rate.

Bret Cahill

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#2

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/02/2010 5:04 AM

I am just wondering if I have walked into the the Twilight Zone

All that is necessary is a pressure drop over a length of the pipe.

Everything else is known to two or more sig figs, pressure, temperature viscosity density pipe diameter, pipe roughness, etc.

Seriously?

We are talking about an oil well here that goes into the ground. There is a cement lining some steel lining all sorts of other stuff so to say you know the diameter / roughness accurately is optimistic.

Then the physical properties. Its oil reservoir fluids - so light oil, heavy oil, formation water, MEG, reservoir gas, flash gas as thepressure drops. - I think that makes a 5 phase mixture. I would love to see the theoretical work that could model those flow regimes accurately.

Then when it comes to reservoir fluids the compositions are just guesses. OK slightly better than that but until you have stable production you have to be very wary of the composition qualities based on the samples taken whilst drilling.

Then the Blow Off Valve did something - I am going to take a guess that the piping on the surface is a bit of a twisted tangled mess and trying to ascertain flow through irregular flow conduits is for the birds.

The back of the diaphragm or other strain gaged structure of a low pressure sensor is simply equalized with the sea water pressure by a valve which closes 50 feet above the pipe. The valve could be spring loaded like a relief valve eliminating the necessity of remote control.

Umm just a thought but if there was a valve to be closed to test the pressure as you suggest dont you think they would have closed it and shut off the oil flow?

BP have made a number of errors and the oil flowrate MAY be one of them. There are numbers of threads here trying to figure out the truth of the matter. But if you go by the area of the slick you can get widely different answers depending on how thick you make it how much you allow for sub sea part of the slick etc

As for adding pitot tubes how do you propose to install them or th other pressure sensors you are talikng about in a mile of water with zero visibility due to the oil leak and with piping arrangements deformed by the accident.

Rant over

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#3
In reply to #2

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/02/2010 10:26 AM

GA. Thank you for providing the enlightenment that so many need these days. There seems to be no shortage of experts when it comes to a disaster and people with just a little bit of knowledge tend to be much more dangerous than those with none. Just wait to see what happens when our Congress starts to publicly grill the company or companies so they can get their self-serving faces all over the news. Oh, right, they will be holding hearings to investigate the causes. This will be grandstanding the likes of which we haven't seen in a week or so. If you've been haunting the halls of Congress for 8 to 10 years or more, it's time to go and I don't care which party you belong. We need to flush this putrid toilet we call our Congress.

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Anonymous Poster
#4
In reply to #2

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/02/2010 6:44 PM

A pipe gushing oil into water appears clearly on video. BP claims it was able to insert a tube into the pipe to try to draw off some of the oil. Later they were apparently able to dump a few hundred thousand tons of drilling mud into or at least near what they claimed was the pipe.

If they can insert tubes into the pipe they can insert in-stream probe flow meters -- a simple paddle wheel meter at the exit would be good enough -- get a velocity, estimate the Reynolds number / flow regime and a flow rate.

Once BP documented their work they would then be free to bury it under an avalanche of footnotes, i.e., "it was impossible to find anyone who could computer model flow in a twisted conduit," or "surface roughness is highly leveraged in turbulent flow," etc.

But without any attempt whatsoever to get a pressure drop or velocity, it just looks like the Coasties completely dropped the ball and let BP execs off the hook.

The reality is that it was never a matter of BP not being able to get a fairly good estimate of the flow rate, +/- 10%.

They just didn't _want_ to know. They didn't want _anyone_ to know.

As the lawyers always say in court, "they either knew or *should have known*."

Bret Cahill

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Anonymous Poster
#5

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/03/2010 11:48 AM

Hi Bret, was just curious where your "170 Bar" came from (much higher numbers are being bandied about on other blogs)?

Thanks

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Anonymous Poster
#6
In reply to #5

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/03/2010 11:19 PM

GE has an ultra sonic flow speed meter, XMT 868 i.

It's good to 200 bar [3000 psi] (6100 feet below sea level).

The non invasive clamp on model would be perfect for mini subs to hold against the pipe for a reading.

The resolution is < 10% of the BP pipe flow speed.

There are at least a half dozen different cheaper approaches that would yield less than a 10% error, i.e., hot wire, turbine, paddle wheel, coriolis . . .

Heck, just go to dollar store and buy a pin wheel. There is no reason whatsoever it couldn't take 160 bar pressure and the rpm counted by the subs' cameras.

The estimates by sat. photo and sampling hundreds of cubic miles of sea are just plain nuts.

Bret Cahill

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#7

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/04/2010 2:12 AM

Didn't realize it was so easy to measure flow through a bent, kinked pipe with splits and otehr restrictions in it. Guess the Coast Guard has nothing but fools? Come on - very difficult to estimate and doesn't make much difference anyway - a lot is a lot!

İ read one comment on another blog where the guy was laughing about the suggestions from the peanut gallery - he was 100% right. The best estimate we will ever have will still be a SWAG (at best)!

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Anonymous Poster
#8
In reply to #7

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/04/2010 4:17 PM

Former senator/governor of Florida Bob Graham has just been appointed to an investigative committee which will have subpoena powers.

The first question should be, "can you name one single engineering department at any university on the planet who thinks it would be difficult to get a flow rate?"

If they don't have an answer they need to be held in contempt.

Bret Cahill

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#9
In reply to #8

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/05/2010 1:41 AM

Held in contempt by those that have no idea what they are talking about in the mile depth location plus multiple outlets (round, bent, cracked) in a solution where the SG can only be estimated and in a mixed stream of gas, water, oil, solids and whatever else. A WAG can be made but not much else. İf a professor comes up with a flow other than a wide range he would be a good one to drop - he has no idea of the real world.

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Anonymous Poster
#10
In reply to #9

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/09/2010 1:07 AM

Steve Wereley at Purdue says the flow rate is actually between 800,000 - 1.8 million gal / day.

news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100609/ap_on_bi_ge/us_gulf_oil_spill

Give him a mini sub and he could get it down to +/- 10%.

Bret Cahill

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#11
In reply to #10

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/09/2010 1:43 AM

The good professor is probably as accurate as you can get - if he isn't just a bit optomistic.

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Anonymous Poster
#12
In reply to #11

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/09/2010 2:15 AM

California has a lot of valleys. They're trying to turn my valley into Energy Valley with solar thermal and geo thermal.

I keep telling the local community college they need to get some text books and hand books on the happenin' field of heat, mass and momentum transport but they aren't listening.

I may have to break out the ol' blow torch and heat up some fanny if they don't get some up-to-date books in the liberry.

Someone's gotta be the heavy.

Bret Cahill

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#13
In reply to #12

Re: Flow Rate In a Pipe At 170 Bar

06/09/2010 2:40 AM

You can normally order books from other libraries through your own library. Some of the university libraries certainlt have what you are looking for. The resource is there - you just have to go after it rather than have them bring it to you.

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