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Guru

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Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/22/2011 11:35 PM

I wonder , why carbon dioxide is gas whereas hydrogen oxide is liquid at room temp? My basic undertanding of chemistry is since molecular weight of CO2 is heavier than H2O, it should be the other way round, just like methane CH4 is gas while gasoline C8H18 is liquid. Molecular weight of C8H18 is heavier than CH4.

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Guru

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#1

Re: Why carbon dioxide is gas whereas hydrogen oxide is liquid at room temp?

07/22/2011 11:52 PM

Please let us know what you find.

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Guru
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#2

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/23/2011 9:36 AM

To properly answer this requires a very lengthy discussion about Lewis diagrams and the di-pole moment. Since water is a dipole molecule it will attract itself and thus will liquefy at a lower temperature. Now to explain why the bonds form in a tetrahedral orientation requires just a little bit of quantum mechanics.

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#6
In reply to #2

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/23/2011 11:02 PM

Your answer is right on the money - and to add/explain in other words.

Most all materials will exist as a gas liquid or solid at some combination of temperature and pressure so the real issue is that the behaviour of water is anomalous. The reason for this, as Redfred says, is that water molecules are highly polar and that this causes them to attract to each other to form "chains" - so effectively stabilising the molecule and helping it to resist becoming a gas.

Polar attraction is also the reason that water's maximum density is at about 4 deg C and not at freezing point, which in turn causes ice to float.

If it were not for the anomalous behaviour of water, nature as we know it could not exist - a truly fascinating circumstance that few appreciate.

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Guru
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#9
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Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/24/2011 8:58 AM

GA! Yes, water is a very special substance with many characteristics different from similar substances. Has anybody ever imagine life without water?

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Guru

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#3

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/23/2011 11:53 AM

Water molecules adhere to each other by "hydrogen bonds." These are weak, but still significant bonds that change the entire physical properties of water. Just look up "hydrogen bonds" in Wikipedia and you will find out all you need to know. No point in any of us repeating it.

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Guru

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#4
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Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/23/2011 6:00 PM

thank you for your lead.

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Guru
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#5

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/23/2011 10:43 PM

Please include Mercury in your research too.

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Guru

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#7

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/24/2011 2:52 AM

Water is polar because the 2 hydrogens form an angle near 120°,

so this side of the molecule is positive and the side of the oxygen is negative.

(2 H+ and 1 O-- form one H2O).

As one molecule is attracting its neighbour by electrostatic forces chains of water molecules are stable in the liquid. Matching molecules with the hydrogen side of one attracting the oxygen side of the next.

So water as liquid is a polymer : n-H20

And behaves accordingly with high boiling point.

And also with many other "irregularities".

http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/anmlies.html

Here a lot of data on "water" is compiled - a big wonder-stuff.

RHABE

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Guru

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#8
In reply to #7

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/24/2011 3:47 AM

Good link !

My suspicion that water is a strange animal is justified !

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Commentator

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#10

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/24/2011 9:49 AM

Some wonderful sources above as I just spent nearly an hour viewing them and also learning!

We had a learning event recently. We have had a period of very humid weather. Our offices where I sometimes spend time in a small company was freezing cold when I entered it in the USA Midwest last week. I asked what was going on and the person said he was trying to lower the relative humidity so that there would be less water condensing on the walls. It did not work. He went the wrong direction on the temperature to achieve that effect so maybe that is one of the counter-intuitive aspects of water, along with many others.

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Guru
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#11
In reply to #10

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/24/2011 10:28 AM

To bring the relative humidity down in the building, you have to stop the coil recirculation fan when the compressor stops to avoid re-evaporating the condensed water into the room. This is especially important when the AC is oversized and the compressor runs a few minutes every hour. On short cycle, you just have time to get the cold coil wet when the compressor stops. Very little water as time to drip out. If the fan stays on all the time, you get a cold and damp room very fast.

The outside air intake should also be synchronized with the compressor operation as much as possible. I also turn it off during the day and run it at night to take advantage of the colder and maybe dryer air.

To dehumidify properly, the AC should be so small that it is running almost all the time. Oversized AC are not good. Use two small one with offset temperature for optimum result.

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Guru

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#12
In reply to #11

Re: Why Carbon Dioxide Is Gas Whereas Hydrogen Oxide Is Liquid At Room Temp?

07/25/2011 4:50 PM

May I have the liberty to ask a question on Window AC units.

Here in USA the condensed water is kept in bottom tray and no drain is but spillover.

Hope for a reply as I think you can only can.

Thanks

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