If you're refering to what I think you are, then it is simply the process of synchronising the sinusoidal waveform of one bus with another, (presumably the output from a generator). (bus is just a term that refers to the current carrying conductors of a distribution system). Synchronisation is done to prevent mechanical damage to synchronous generators. Connecting an offline machine to a distribution bus out of synch will exert a force on the shaft of generator and prime mover, proportional to the supply voltage and the degrees of displacement "out of phase". It can be quite devestating to a machine, often completely destroying it! I hope this helps.
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