all distributed control systems has a common theory, which is like this,
In small volume of systems (small amount of I/Os which belongs to several equipments in one system ) like one HRSG, one controller is to be in charge.
But when the system is too large and critical (like a power plant),Deviding that system into small systems (bays) and butting one controller per each bay (BCU-bay controller unit) and structure a communication network to gather those controller with a supervisory level (operator station- engineering station) with process interface software using a high speed protocol like TCP/IP,
Would be a suitable solution to control such large systems as a unit, which also called distributed control system DCS.
you will find the differance between manufacturers in the Coding of electronic cards, communication protocols, process interface software and in logic diagrams coding (like function codes in infi 90 and alspa p320 or expiron of honeywell have different coding).
afterall, the theory is common.
infi 90- DCS was made by elsage bailey.
Teleperm xp- is basically a siemens gas turbine control system.
Will it be possible to describe one example (with working principle and advantages) of a practical application of DCS in Industry,(preferably in the Petroleum refinery)? This will be very useful.
Maybe the best way to think about a DCS is 'open system' as opposed to a centralized system. In a centralized system, you have a bunch of physical inputs and outputs wired directly to a system like a PLC.
In a de-centralized, or open system, you can basically run a single cable and talk to a 'ton' of devices.
There are many different types, such as fieldbus, profibus, scada, etc.