Recently a question was asked about calculating the "no load" current of an induction motor. As I read over the responses it occurred to me that the person who asked the question assumed that all induction motors were the same, which of course only has a weak claim to the truth. But the way the question was asked indicated that this person did not have much exposure the the variety of motors out there.
It reminded me of a troubleshooting occasion where a large (10HP) motor was connected to an equally large vacuum pump that was part of a larger assembly of vacuum pumps and the system pressure was higher than it should have been. The complaint was described as a leak but I knew that all the pumps had to be working for the system to reach the deep vacuum level that was "normal".
As I considered how I might determine where the fault was, I considered measuring motor currents of the various pumps and I decided it was easier than that. I simply walked around the equipment and inspected the shaft ends of the motor and pump. I pointed to one which had a metal cover over a universal connector that was broken and the whole thing took less than a minute to troubleshoot.
The moral of this story is to apply what you know about the system or something similar so that you understand it well enough to troubleshoot easily. I rarely carry a meter with me on a troubleshooting call unless there is no doubt I will have to measure something. I try not to rely on calculating except where necessary but the point is that there are only a few occasions and not very many formulas that you need to know to be very good at troubleshooting. And a large part of any engineer's career is spent troubleshooting. And frequently there is no need for calculations.
It seems that some students think that knowing how to calculate everything is the key. But there is an inherent need to understand the applications that invoke those formulas to be used. Do you find a need to do a lot of calculations in real life?
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A great troubleshooting tip...."When you eliminate the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth." Sir Arthur Conan Doyle