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Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/12/2014 1:09 PM

As per IEC in medium voltage cables, the insulation screen shall consist of a non-metallic semi-conducting layer in combination with a metallic layer. The non-metallic layer shall be extruded directly upon the insulation of each core and consist of
either a bonded or strippable semi-conducting compound. A layer of semi-conducting tape or compound may then be applied over the individual cores or the core assembly and then metallic non magnetic layer.

My question is: Do we need a additional layer of semi conducting tape if a layer of extruded semi conducting compound is applied over insulation. Insulation shield consists of two parts non metallic semi conducting compound + metallic non magnetic. So a semi conducting tape over semi conducting compound looks like repetition.

Semi conducting tape is required over semi conducting layer if the layer is stripable because in case semi conducting layer is stripable then something is required to hold the layer sticking to insulation. However if the cable is manufactured by triple extrusion, then XLPE insulation, conductor screening and insulation screening are all extruded in one operation by a special process called Triple Extrusion i.e. all three layers in one operation. This process ensures perfect bonding of inner and outer shielding with insulation. The formation of voids/protrusions at the interface of the semiconducting layer and insulation, too is eliminated in the triple extrusion process. Hence additional semi conducting tape for binding semi conducting layer with insulation is not required.

Please share your view if additional semi conducting tape is optional or mandatory? If optional then is there any other reason apart from what i have analysed above?

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#1

Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/13/2014 12:18 AM

Where are you quoting this from?

I'm no cable expert, and perhaps I'm just ignorant about this topic, but I've never heard of semi-conductors being used in cables! Conductors and insulators (also known as non-conductors) are definitely used, but semi-conductors?

This sounds like a case of information lost during translation from some other language into English.

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#2
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/13/2014 1:07 AM

Like you said, you're not a cable guy. Semiconducting layers are used to constrain and shape the electrostatic field around a high voltage conductor. Next time you look at a distribution pole with bare aerial conductors transitioning into three cables take notice of the difference in spacing in air versus the compact arrangement of the cables.

You could never place the bare conductors as close as the cables yet they carry the same voltage. It's all those sophisticated layers, insulating, semiconducting, and metal sheathing, that allow them to be touching without any flashover.

To OP's question, the layers aren't redundant, each one is there to reduce the electrostatic field to manageable levels so that the gradient is never high enough to cause partial discharge or internal arcing in the layers and their boundaries with other layers. Remember, the outer metallic shield is at ground potential only an inch or so from the phase conductor. Consult a good cable engineering book for far more information.

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#3
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/13/2014 9:39 AM

Excellent answer!

A very nice reference book you cite, too.

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#5
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/14/2014 11:48 AM

I thought I sent a reply yesterday, but it didn't appear...

Thanks! Especially for the very useful link. I'm definitely better informed now...

I think the biggest mistake was my interpretation of "semi-conducting" to imply the use of semiconductors, which it does not...

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#6
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/14/2014 12:35 PM

You're welcome! I go through the same brain-freeze when I see silicon vs silicone. Sometimes the lingo gets confusing especially when it is taken from one context into another. Semi-conducting here refers to a layer that is neither a good insulator nor a good conductor, a property achieved by dispersing carbon black into a polymer. There's plenty of information from the cable vendors or IEEE on this.

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#4

Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/14/2014 9:00 AM

The link is very interesting indeed. I revised all I know about cable- since 30 years ago I was cable manufacturer and I don't think the principles are changed.

However the "book" does not provide more information about semiconducting shield of insulation. I tend to agree with eqbal.asif: one does not need both type of semiconducting-extruded and tape- as insulation shield. As I used in the past-and I think this is IEC 60502-2 spirit :the semiconducting tape-once what was named "bishop tape"-has to be wrap around the assembly -not under the metallic shield.

Before the technology of "triple extruding"- conductor insulation, insulation and insulation outer semiconducting layer the Bishop tape was the only semiconducting used. Now the tapes are not indicated since a prisoner air could be accumulated between tape layers.

This is the meaning of the sentence in IEC 60502-2 Clause 7.2 Insulation screen:

"A layer of semi-conducting tape or compound may then be applied over the individual cores or the core assembly." That means outside of the metallic shield of an individual core.

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#7
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/20/2014 12:20 AM

I think the semiconducting tape could be required by UL 1072 [here is clearer]:

"supplementary conductive nonmetallic tape MAY be provided over a conductive extrusion."

In VDE [German Standard] anyway it is a compulsory requirement:

Semi-conducting type

"- Over the outer semi-conducting layer, a semi-conducting

tape MUST be used."

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#8
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/20/2014 11:09 AM

Rhanks for the references. Can you give the link of VDE (German standard) for downloading in PDF.

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#9
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Re: Construction of Medium Voltage Cables

11/20/2014 11:56 AM

I have not this standard with me. My information is from a cable manufacturer:

Helukabel Medium Voltage Power Cables page N13 "semi-conducting type".

http://mdmetric.com/prod/helukabel/N.Medium%20Voltage%20Power.pdf

The DIN VDE Standard 276 part 620:

https://www.vde-verlag.de/standards/0276034/din-vde-0276-620-vde-0276-620-2010-11.html

You have to purchase it [if you want it].

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