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From ExtremeTech:
Here's a sad thought for you:
The rat robot (ratbot?) in the photo above was created solely to bully
real rats until they're depressed. This might sound like the work of a
sadistic behavioral scientist, but there's actually a rather noble
cause: The development of effective antidepressants for humans.
In
almost every case, drugs are extensively tested on animals before they
can be tested on humans. Millions of rats and mice are used every year
in the US and EU, mostly because they are mammals (and thus share a
similar physiology to humans), and because they're easy to breed and
dispose of. Developments are being made in the realm of non-animal, lab-on-a-chip testing, but it will be many years - if ever - that animal testing finally stops.
It's
kind of hard to believe, but to test new drugs on an animal, the
scientists must first give the animal the same (or similar) human
malady. To test antidepressants, you first need a large number of
depressed rats. Historically, rat depression has usually been instilled
through forced swimming or electric shocks. The problem with these
methods, though, is that human depression isn't generally triggered by
swimming or electrocution - and thus the ratbot was born.
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