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From The Engineer:
Engineering physics researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison are devising a unique "blanket" that will enable them to squeeze as much electricity as possible from nuclear-powered batteries the size of a grain of coarse salt.
Such batteries, which exploit the natural decay of radioisotopes to generate electricity, could provide virtually indefinite power for micro-technologies like small robots for military applications or sensors that monitor a building's health.
Other technologies such as fuel cells, chemical batteries or turbine generators also might work in micro-scale applications, said Professor James Blanchard. 'But all of them are short-lived,' he said. 'They either need to be recharged or refuelled. Our niche is things that need to be placed and ignored, and just keep running for years.
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