Commissioning Procedures

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Try here: #1

Q1 is it what the design documents say?

Q2 does it do what the design documents say?

Q3 prove it.

That's all there is to it.

Can you define what is meant by "electrical procedure" in relation to commissioning, its a little vague?

Dear Mr. wirestan,

For Transformer Commissioning, pl.open the following link and check as per the guide line and energise it.

Similarly for Alternators, Circuit Breakers details are with me, but it is not opening and I will post it later.

http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/do-not-energize-oil-filled-transformer-15-tests-and-checks

Do Not Energize Oil-Filled Transformer Without Performing These 15 Tests and Checks!

Obligatory Checklist

The following tests and checks should be performed at a minimum to ensure that the transformer is ready to be energized. Do not energize the transformer without performing these tests and checks.

If any of below explained tests fail and transformer is energized anyway, it may lead to the serious hazard, and that's not good That's not what we want.

1. Insulating Fluid Test

Draw a fluid sample and test its dielectric strength. Dielectric strength of new fluid should be 26 kv or greater.

The breakdown voltage indicates how well insulating oil can withstand an electrical load and is therefore decisive for the operational efficiency of a transformer. The breakdown voltage is measured according to VDE 0370 part 5 (IEC 60156); photo credit: SIEMENS

2. Pressure Test

Check the transformer tank for leaks by pressurizing the tank with dry air or dry nitrogen through the pressure test fitting to a pressure of 3 to 4 PSIG. let the tank stand under pressure for one to two hours, then examine the tank and fittings for leaks. leaks above the fluid level can be detected by applying soap solution to all welds, joints, pipe fittings, and cable connections.

Upon completion of this test, reduce the internal pressure to 1 or 2 PSIG.

Repairing transformer oil-tank for leakage (photo credit: khia.belzona.com)

3. Insulation Megger Test

Perform a 1000-volt Megger test and a power factor test to ensure that none of the windings is grounded. See the complete procedure here.

Regular insulation testing is one of the most cost effective methods of identifying aging of transformer

4. Ratio Test

Perform a ratio test at each tap position to ensure that transformer coil ratios and tap changer connections are correct. Read the complete procedure of transformer turns ratio test step by step.

5. Continuity Test and Resistance Test

Perform a continuity check on each winding. Measure the winding resistance of each winding and compare results to factory test values.

An increase of more than 10% could indicate a loose internal connection.

6. Line Connections

In preparation for making line connections, check to make sure that all mating connector surfaces are clean and smooth. Connections must be tightened appropriately to prevent overheating and possible subsequent failure of the connection.Connections to should be made with care to avoid placing undue stress on the bushings.

Oil-filled transformer bushings (photo credit: khia.belzona.com)

7. Tap Changer Setting

Check the tap changer setting to ensure it is set to the proper position for the required voltage. See an example of transformer tap-changer correct adjustment.

On-Line Oil Filtration for Load Tap Changer Compartment (photo credit: velcon.com)

8. Delta/Wye and Series/Multiple Switch Settings

Check delta/wye and series/multiple switch settings to make sure they are set correctly.

If these connections are made using an internal terminal board, check to ensure that these connections are made properly according to the chart on the transformer nameplate.

GE distribution transformer nameplate (photo credit: tucsontransformer.com)

9. Grounding

Check to ensure that the transformer tank is permanently and effectively grounded. The transformer tank ground pad is located near the bottom of the tank.

10. Wiring

Check wiring of control and alarm circuits (if provided) to make sure there are no loose connections and no damage to insulation.

Oil-filled transformer terminal box

11. Fluid level

Check to make sure the fluid level as indicated by the fluid level gauge is as follows:The fluid level gauge indicates the fluid level inside the tank. The transformer tank is filled with fluid at the factory to the normal level at a reference temperature of 25°C.

12. Tank Finish

Check all painted surfaces to make sure that there is no damage or corrosion.

13. Bolted Connections

Check all bolted connections for tightness.

Oil transformer bolted connections (photo credit: polywater.com)

14. Tools

Check to make sure that all tools and equipment are accounted for and have been removed from the transformer.

15. Fluid Temperature

Read the fluid temperature gauge and make sure the temperature is no lower than minus 20°C before the unit is energized.

Reference: Installation, Operation, and Maintenance of Medium Power Substation Transformers - Howard Industries

For any machine,especially transformer,after commissioning,use thermal imaging camera to map out temperature in all parts/sections of transfomer and locate the cooling fan to direct air to those locations.

You are right Mr.pnaban.

The temperature profile to measured by Infra-Red camera and I give below the Thermal Images and the difference can be seen in the below link.

http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/cooling-is-essential-for-long-transformer-life

DHAYANANDHAN.S

Go to the InterNational Electrical Testing Association (NETA) web site and purchase a copy of their Acceptance Testing Specification and Electrical Commissioning Specification. That will give you very specific and detailed direction on what is needed:

http://www.netaworld.org/standards