can you somehow help me with my confusion...? what is really the demand and safety factor in computing the main over-current protection in 3phase system and in 1phase system?
Exactly what is required by the local codes and standards where the installation is planned for. You can learn how the numbers were chosen by reading and understanding those documents. If you don't read them now your lawyers will be reading them in the future.
__________________
“Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember. Involve me and I learn.” Ben Franklin.
That which is determined by the wiring dimensions and characteristics, including the method of installation, of course.
In the UK, one can find full protocols in British Standard 7671.
__________________
"Did you get my e-mail?" - "The biggest problem in communication is the illusion that it has taken place" - George Bernard Shaw, 1856
The demand factor is a contractual agreement with the contracting company and Electricity consumer and if the consumer cross the maximum demand agreed up on, penalty is imposed by the Electricity supplying company. The maximum demand Meter is installed by the supply company.
Safety is the factor to be followed by any Electricity user and the factor is set by the Government or its authorised department or agency . Normally there are set safety rules to be followed