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HVDC Voltage Designations

07/09/2016 10:36 PM

I often see HVDC voltages written as, for example, +/-500kVDC. Does this mean the voltage between conductors is 500kVDC, or is one conductor at 500kV above ground and the other at 500kV below ground potential, in which case the voltage between conductors is 1000kV?

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#1

Re: HVDC voltage designations

07/09/2016 11:30 PM
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#2
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Re: HVDC voltage designations

07/09/2016 11:40 PM

How many heffalump tracks are there now?

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#4
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Re: HVDC voltage designations

07/10/2016 1:58 PM

Four per Woozle?

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#3

Re: HVDC voltage designations

07/09/2016 11:54 PM

± symbol stands for a 2 conductor setup called bipolar, as opposed to monopole...no you don't get 1000kv...

..."Bipolar...

In bipolar transmission a pair of conductors is used, each at a high potential with respect to ground, in opposite polarity.

Since these conductors must be insulated for the full voltage, transmission line cost is higher than a monopole with a return conductor. However, there are a number of advantages to bipolar transmission which can make it an attractive option.

  • Under normal load, negligible earth-current flows, as in the case of monopolar transmission with a metallic earth-return. This reduces earth return loss and environmental effects.
  • When a fault develops in a line, with earth return electrodes installed at each end of the line, approximately half the rated power can continue to flow using the earth as a return path, operating in monopolar mode.
  • Since for a given total power rating each conductor of a bipolar line carries only half the current of monopolar lines, the cost of the second conductor is reduced compared to a monopolar line of the same rating.
  • In very adverse terrain, the second conductor may be carried on an independent set of transmission towers, so that some power may continue to be transmitted even if one line is damaged.

A bipolar system may also be installed with a metallic earth return conductor.

Bipolar systems may carry as much as 4 GW at voltages of ±660 kV with a single converter per pole, as on the Ningdong–Shandong project in China. With a power rating of 2000 MW per twelve-pulse converter, the converters for that project were (as of 2010) the most powerful HVDC converters ever built.[40] Even higher powers can be achieved by connecting two or more twelve-pulse converters in series in each pole, as is used in the ±800 kV Xiangjiaba–Shanghai project in China, which uses two twelve-pulse converter bridges in each pole, each rated at 400 kV DC and 1600 MW.

Submarine cable installations initially commissioned as a monopole may be upgraded with additional cables and operated as a bipole.

A bipolar scheme can be implemented so that the polarity of one or both poles can be changed. This allows the operation as two parallel monopoles. If one conductor fails, transmission can still continue at reduced capacity. Losses may increase if ground electrodes and lines are not designed for the extra current in this mode. To reduce losses in this case, intermediate switching stations may be installed, at which line segments can be switched off or parallelized. This was done at Inga–Shaba HVDC."...

http://www.cleanlineenergy.com/sites/cleanline/media/resources/Electrical-Considerations-for-HVDC-Transmission-Lines.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_current

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#5

Re: HVDC Voltage Designations

07/11/2016 12:29 AM

The best example is Battery Charger. We see in Battery charger the Voltage will be shown in Voltmeter will be +110V DC and -110V DC for +/- 220V DC.

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#6

Re: HVDC Voltage Designations

07/11/2016 5:22 AM

See Wikipedia's description of a bipolar HVDC installation:-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_current#Bipolar

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