It sounds like you're looking for a Laser Induced breakdown Spectrometer LIBS instrument which uses one or more pulsed q-switched laser sources to scan a sample and fire mulitple laser pulses that ablate the surface (generates a plasma cloud that is scanned by a spectrometer and dertermines it's spectral finger print "type of element").
A starter would be a company called Ocean Optics but there are probably a dozen companies that make them and prices starst around $60,000 unless you are a do it yourselfer with multpiple levels of expertise.