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Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/03/2008 6:57 PM

My home was built in 1986 and is located in Sarasota County Fl. It is a ground level slab monolithic footing. It was constructed with a 6 mill poly. vapor barrier, #6 welded wire mesh, under slab copper pipe plumbing. Exterior walls are concrete block stucco. The property is in a subdivision which has a man made lake which sits approx. 150' to the rear of the home. Soil from the lake was used to raise the properties prior to construction. It is of the maral base. (very dense shell, hard to dig) They did bring in about 5 loads of fill for grading above for the slab. The water elevation of the lake is approx. 4' below the slab surface. All grading around the home is away from the slab at least 4" below slab surface. The roof has complete gutters and downspouts leading away from the home. Back in August of 2005, we noticed a under slab plumbing pipe break under the slab which forced water up through one of the areas in the floor where the plumbing supply came through the slab. It flooded about 500sf of floor area with about 1" of water before I woke up and shut off the main. The under slab pipe break was located and fixed. Of course we could not match the ceramic tile which was in place. After being faced with replacing our complete kitchen and approx. 1600sf. of flooring we had the complete house re-plumbed over head with cp-vc. NO EXISTING COPPER WATER SUPPLY LINES ARE ACTIVE UNDER THE SLAB. The construction was completed and we went with a 20" x 20" porcelain tile. The project was completed in January of 2006. In March of 2006 we started noticing moisture coming up in the grout joints in the room of the original leak. We had the tile company come out and pull a few tiles and the slab and was saturated with standing water under the porcelain tile. Note, the slab moisture test prior to installing the tile was OK, using a standard industry moisture meter. Within the next few months the moisture migrated through the complete tiled area except a sitting room and a bedroom area which is 4" below grade of the remaining home slab. The rooms are separated by a 16" footing, and no copper lines are in this area. Two different engineering firms have been out and both agree that the original leak is the problem. They checked the elevations, water table, pool for leaks, and the original cp-vc drain lines and new over head cp-vc supply lines.

My problem is that no one can figure out how to dry out the slab. Core drilling was done which showed the soil is very damp under the slab. The tile has been removed through the house except the sitting area and bedroom which were not affected. The kitchen and bath cabinets are left in place sitting on top of the tile. Do to the expense of removal and replacement of these the insurance company said it should be ok. We had a company come it with 9 air movers and 10 dehumidifiers for 10 days which brought the air temperature inside to over 100 degrees. The moisture tests were getting lower but not fast enough for the insurance company so the decided to pull the units. They have since rethought the process and have brought in another company to try a different approach. They have 20 air movers and only 3 large dehumidifiers. We are trying to keep the temp. down this time running the air conditioning. It has something with the grain size of the vapor which is to be removed.

I have also checked into having the slab sealed with a penetrating sealer manufactured by Euclid, which is supposed to change the matrix of the concrete itself making it much more dense and then sealing the surface with a cement base water proofing material. Will this cause the water to be forced under the cabinets and up the walls which cannot be treated?

What recommendation would you make on drying out the soil and the slab? Or would you recommend another approach?

We had air quality tests done and they came back with elevated mold, but that is another problem.

Your help would be greatly appreciated as you can see, I am about at my wits end.

Sincerely, rgouge31

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#1

Re: Under slab plumbing pipe leaks

03/03/2008 8:43 PM

My girlfriend had that badly, too. The cause is a rising water table and not the old pipe. The fix is to have a sump pump installed in the house.

Simply drying the inside of the house is not going to do it. You have hydrostatic pressure under the slab that will continue to push up through the concrete. The more you dry the top, the faster it will seep upward. There is probably more water under the house than there used to be. Possibly and artesian well is the issue.

The fix can take two approaches. One is to run a perforated 4" PVC pipe around the perimeter of the house in a layer of gravel and then run the pipe to a sump pump inside the house. The perimeter pipe is called a French Drain. That was the system I had in Ohio and it works very well!

The simplest approach is to simply install a sump pump and no perimeter drain. Usually the utility room is where they dig a hole about 18" in diameter and about 3' down. The lower portion is filled with a layer of stone and a sump pump placed inside. Water is drained/piped out under the ground as far as they can get it.

When you have a pump installed I highly recommend buying a second pump that runs from a battery. I think I paid about $150 for the hole setup, but it will run when we loose power or if the primary pump fails. It runs from a deep discharge 12-Volt battery. Yeah, we never loose power in Florida, eh?

This will cut the mold problem, too, once the moisture in the house dries up.

Good luck! I am sure you will get this fixed and your insurance should cover it, too!

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#12
In reply to #1

Re: Under slab plumbing pipe leaks

03/05/2008 3:45 PM

Thanks for the replies. The insurance company had a geologists come out and he said that the water table was not the problem, and there is not a spring under the house. He seemed to feel that the original leak had gone on for some time before it had built up enough pressure to come up through the pipe penetration holes. The water table here is only at about 4' down, so I am hesitant about digging a 3' deep hole with a sump pump.

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#2

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/04/2008 11:36 PM

Yes the sump pump idea is to your best interest; just do it. And the concrete treatment you described creeps; meaning it should migrate under the cabinets etc..

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#3

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 7:29 AM

I've had some through slab flooding problems when the water table rose significantly. We did what we could but since I've come across a few products that can be applied to the inside of the slab that leach into the concrete (led by the water coming from the other side) and plug up the capillaries. I can repost the names once I'm back at work on monday but for now the only one I remember is Xypex. It's used quite a bit on the inside of old foundations (with bad porosity or hairline cracks) that cannot be accessed from the outside.

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#5
In reply to #3

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 8:18 AM

Here's a link:

http://www.xypex.com/products/products.php

Disclaimer...I've got no association with them...just a mild humidity problem in the basement and this was recommended.

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#16
In reply to #5

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 4:14 PM

Thanks, it sounds alot like the product that I have heard about.

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#17
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Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 5:24 PM

WOW! And someone who not only comes back to read the advice sought, but also takes time to reply to helpful posts! Impressive, sir...I vote you a...

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#4

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 7:46 AM

Former East Coast Fla Engineer ... "The objective of all dedicated employees is to thoroughly analyze all situations, anticipate all problems prior to their occurrence, have answers for these problems, and move swiftly to solve these problems when called upon. However, when you are up to your ass in alligators, it is difficult to remember that your initial objective was to drain the swamp."

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#6

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 9:19 AM

I concur with the hydrostatic theory also. If the sub-slab soil is wet, you obviously have a condition where drying the interior will only serve to draw more moisture through the slab.

I have a similar condition in Ohio, where a commercial slab on grade was constructed in an area where soil conditions allowed the moisture to migrate through, causing an unacceptable humidity issue. A sump was installed and allowed enough dewatering to draw the water down from the slab. Any concrete slab exposed to soil moisture will draw due to the unsealed surface on the underside of the slab, and due to capillary action of the concrete itself.

Try this, dig a shallow hole next to the home and see if water migrates to it. If you find water in your hole it will serve to clarify the issue of sub slab water. Give it a try. It would be a no cost test to see if this theory is correct.

Good Luck, Dave

Edit: where in Sarasota? My parents live there!

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#13
In reply to #6

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 3:47 PM

Thanks, I like the idea about the hole next to the house being dug. I will give it a try. Venice, just south of Sarasota.

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#19
In reply to #13

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/06/2008 8:29 AM

Venice. Remember back in the 70's (I know a LONG time ago) when the Venice public beach was the best for sharks teeth? I have cans and cans of them from when I was young!

My parents are in Nokomis, on Casey Key. Bought by my Grandfather back in the 70's when all these houses were less than 70K! Property values have sure changed.

I can't imagine that the saturation of the soil from your prior leak is still the problem. I would think about a combination of the previous posts. Perhaps try digging around the perimeter to lower the soil from the slab level by a few inches, and see if that helps with moisture migration out from under.

Also, as previously noted, are you sure you don't have another copper pipe in the slab that was not disconnected, and is possibly still feeding the leak?

Good luck, keep us posted. I always enjoy hearing about resolution of problems!

Dave

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#20
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Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/18/2008 9:53 PM

Watching the meter should eliminate or...

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#7

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 9:42 AM

Florida is about 2 feet above mean sea level http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds2.prl?retrieval_type=by_pid&PID=AG7714 damp happens monolithic or not. I lived on the east coast of fla for years. Every time it rained the house filled with palmetto bugs. I just got used to the crunching noise on the way to the john in the dark.

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#8

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 10:34 AM

Are you personally 150% sure that the water mains are not still leaking.

I mean, have you actually followed the run of the pipe (intimately!) from the main outside to the new plumbing!! I am guessing of course, but I feel that a branch circuit has been forgotten and that is causing your problems!!!

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#14
In reply to #8

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 3:53 PM

The complete line from the main throughout the whole house was water pressure tested at 135psi for 30 min. without any drop in pressure. Thanks for the reply.

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#18
In reply to #14

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 6:50 PM

That still does not mean that there is a branch leaking water. You do not have to lose much over a year, per day to make the slab wet!!!

That test was for the cats as we say in Germany!!!!

You need to visual the pipe from the mains to the point where it goes up into your ceiling!!! Nothing more and nothing less. DIG IT UP!!!!

Many years ago my neighbour had such a problems, I cut down through the concrete and found a compression fitting that had never been tightened, it was leaking only a few drops, but a huge part of the ground floor was wet through. I actually just tightened it with my hand and the leak stopped. 20 years undiscovered.

It took over 2 years to dry out!! Or best said, to stop condensation in the house on anything cold or cool!!!

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#9

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 10:48 AM

Hello

I am familiar with your problem and have solved it at least twice here in Florida. First, if you have mulch or any type of bedding materail around the foundation of your home pull it away from the house at least 3 feet, dig down around the parimeter of the foundation about 3 to 6 inches. this costs only a little time an labor, for the duration of the summer months do not use air conditioning, use only a fan with windows and select doors open (only when you are at home and safe). Usually with in two summer months your slab will will be bone dry (if it dose not rain).

The premis behind this is; the slab is never exposed to the sun, but by moving the mulch and allowing the hot Florida sun to penetrate the slab the radiated heat will dry the slab out completely. Also, check the old copper piping for water that was left over in the pipe. Somtimes the water is forced out of the pipe eventhough there is no pressure on the pipe causing a mysterious re-occuring leak in the same spot as the old leak.

Find where the copper piping came into the house, dig a hole around and under the old pipe then cut it. If water drains out you have solved 50% of your problem. Although using a fan in Florida has its discomforts, it has its advantages also. Being that you live in Florida and have had an internal water leak by allowing fresh outdoor air indoors and vs versa you eliminate any possibility of an upcomming mold infestation at the same time. Trust me on this mold remedation is very expensive in Florida.

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#15
In reply to #9

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 4:13 PM

copper pipe was cut off and capped at the point which it entered the house and all lines were blown out with air pressure. The new cpvc lines were tied into the water main outside the house and ran overhead through the attic area.

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#10

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 11:26 AM

I have poured several slabs in my life, and only one of them was infested with rising damp, I fixed it. The secret to YOUR problem is that you HAD no problem until the copper broke, so the original construction was sound.

The slab was poured on a vapor barrier. When the repair to the copper was done, they interrupted the vapor barrier, allowing the moisture to wick upwards to soak the slab. Tiling the floor sealed the damp in, preventing the slab from drying out. The result is inevitable...a soaking wet slab.

Most slabs do not have a vapor barrier, and work just fine....those slab foundations are properly drained with a perimiter trench, weeping tiles, and sump pumps. In Florida, you can even put the sump pumps outside, but if you do, you will have to make some provision for the inevitable wildlife. The fact that they installed a vapor barrier in the first place possibly means they felt that it was necessary, but then, I am belabouring the obvious.

One inexpensive solution might be to pull up the tiles, and replace them with unglazed terra cotta tiles which will allow moisture to come through and allow the slab to dry naturally. (Hmmm, maybe that is not so inexpensive...but it turns a problem into a design feature.)

I know it is annoying to have to dig all around your outside, destroying all that landscaping, (a job I helped my friend do right here in Ottawa last summer for much the same reasons) but the alternative is to dig back into the old repair, and seal the original break in the vapor barrier. And you MAY YET have to do that, if the trench and sump pump doesn't do the trick. Which they might not...damp moves to the closest dry area.....and if that dry area is your slab, well, then you will have to seal it. I tend to think that the perimiter trench and sump pump would be a little less expensive and less disruptive to family life than digging up the kitchen floor one more time! Your call. Me...I would rather dig a trench by hand all around my house than to invade my wife's kingdom to dig holes in her kitchen.

(I assume of course that you DID get all the under-slab copper branch lines sealed off?)

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#11

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/05/2008 11:43 AM

I agree that the french drain and sump are a darned good suggestion. I had a similar problem in Kansas where we already had a sump. We were getting water in our basement whenever it rained. What I ended up doing to fix our problem was digging a french drain around the foundation about 18" down and about 12" wide then lining the ditch with drainage cloth and filling in the bottom foot with pea gravel. I then put another layer of drainage cloth on top of the pea gravel and filled in the hole. I ran a drainage ditch with conduit away from the house on the 2 corners of the house that had enough slope to drain the french drain.

I had a secondary problem, I didn't enough grading on the sides and back of my house, only from the front of the house to the street. To make matters worse, we had the first house built on the block and when they built the houses on either side of us they built their foundations up and added grading that dumped their water to my yard. I hid my grading by making a serpentine path around both sides and behind the house that I'd dropped to the same depth as the french drain where they connected. It was graded from the back of the house to the street and I filled the bottom 6" with gravel. We then disguised it by making garden beds along the serpentine path. You would never have known it was really a drainage ditch. We ended up with the only dry basement on the block!

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#21

Re: Plumbing Problems in Florida: How to Dry a Slab?

03/18/2008 9:57 PM

Just in case you are still monitoring the thread, there are compounds that can cause the soil to percolate better. Such as clay types which is essentially what you described.

Drilling several holes in the slab and applying salts or lime to permeate the solids may not be desirable but...

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