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India - Member - New Member

Join Date: Jun 2008
Posts: 1

Under loaded diesel generator set

06/28/2008 10:53 AM

Hi,

We have a 250 KVA diesel generating set in our residential buildings. Generally we look at 100% occupancy. Due to low occupancy the set is generally loaded at 30 to 40%. What is the effect on a)Health of engine b)Cost of running or efficiency c)How to overcome major problems, if any.

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Power-User

Join Date: Aug 2007
Location: Bhopal India
Posts: 234
Good Answers: 5
#1

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

06/28/2008 11:21 AM

Hello

Welcome to the forum.

We wish that you will contribute and learn from this forum.

Before we proceed to your question,here are few general tips to get the maximum out of this forum.

a) Please make your question as detailed as possible, more details you give the better answer you will get.

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g) Do not use rude remarks and country/religion/ethnic background/poiltical innuendos, in your comments.

Now, coming to your question...underloaded engines do have an issue with turbochargers..

Howevr if you can keep a close watch on oil consumption, and monitor it at regular intervals you may manage to run it.

It is not going to kill your engine...

it is uneconomical to run unloaded engine as your kwh/litre will come down.

There will not be major problems.

Cheers.

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Guru

Join Date: Nov 2006
Posts: 729
Good Answers: 2
#2

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

06/28/2008 12:33 PM

It will be highly inefficient.Engine is most inefficient and will consume more fuel.

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Guru

Join Date: Jan 2007
Location: Sitting directly behind my keyboard in Albuquerque - USA
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#3

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

06/29/2008 12:22 AM

30-40% load on this size machine is the lower limit. Preferably keep it 40% even if you need a dummy load. Going below 30% will likely damage your engine as not enough heat is generated to successfully burn all the fuel, and the fire ring will not seat totally under low peak firing pressure, fuel wash will occur on the cylinder walls taking away intentional lube oil film trapped in the cylinder honing marks (lubricates the rig faces), excessive blow-by, fuel dilution of the lube oil and all this can first be seen by 'wet stacking' of the exhaust. Unburned fuel can be smelled in the air (it will stick in the back of your throat), and this unburned fuel mixes with black soot in the exhaust manifold and piping and ugly sticky jet black 'goo' will come from exhaust joints as an indicator. Have the lube oil analysed for fuel every 100 hours until you get a feel for what level of low load will produce fuel dilution in the lube oil.

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Anonymous Poster
#9
In reply to #3

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

09/18/2008 8:01 PM

Your answer was dead on. You obliviously have a lot of experience with military generators. Wet stacking is normally seen as oily film where the exhaust manifold attaches to the head.

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Guru
Engineering Fields - Marine Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Location: Australia
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#4

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

06/29/2008 11:35 AM

Diesel engines like to work and you will find that your best performance figures for gensets are usually between two thirds load to full load.

As pointed out previously if you run diesel engines at low loads for lengthy periods of time at low loads, expect high maintenance costs. The problem is exacerbated in turbo charged engines.

A not "too expensive" solution to the problem would be to have a variable "dummy load" fitted to the system....................this would always ensure that the genset(s) do not run under light load conditions.

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Associate
Netherlands - Member - New Member Engineering Fields - Mechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: May 2008
Location: Hoofddorp, the Netherlands
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#5

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

06/30/2008 2:10 AM

In the past I worked with larger diesel engines and generating sets, but the problems with low loads are the same. High fouling of the engine, and if fitted, the turbocharger will be the first signs of the load being too low. As described by PetroPower, the lube oil will foul (monitor your oil quality; colour, viscocity, TBN, etc), and in the exhaust canal sticky fuel and soot deposits will form. When the turbocharger, if fitted, will foul too much the T/C will start surging (blowback of compressed air through the compression side of the T/C). once in a while. Cleaning the exhaust side of the turbocharger on low loads (refer to manufacturer's recommendations) can reduce this.

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Commentator

Join Date: May 2008
Location: New Delhi, India
Posts: 91
Good Answers: 1
#6

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

06/30/2008 4:26 AM

Hi...there is no shortcut solution in this situation. You've gotta load the DG to 50% or more even if it means adding a dummy load (add a heating load) or examine purchase of a smaller rating DG say 75kva / 125kva to take care of such situations // akt

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Commentator

Join Date: Nov 2007
Location: Western NC
Posts: 92
Good Answers: 3
#7

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

07/01/2008 10:19 AM

Running a diesel at light load will eventually carbon up the valves/pistons/rings, leading to incomplete combustion, causing fuel washdown of cylinders, scuffed pistons and cylinders. It will start smoking as well. Not a big deal short term/short periods of time but shortens the life of the engine considerably long term. It will run most efficiently @ >75% load. This heats up the cylinders better and will burn cleaner. As previously mentioned, a dummy load is an option (or go turn everything on in the empty apartments/buildings).

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Participant

Join Date: Jul 2008
Posts: 2
#8

Re: Under loaded diesel generator set

07/26/2008 3:14 AM

The fuel prices don't gives you the privilege to load the genset with dummy load.

The bast solution is to replase the 250kva genset to 2 gensets that will give you the best combination.

If you want you can build automatic sincronized system that will swich tham or parallel them according to the load demand.

I don't now what are the forum rouls but if it's posible I can post a link to a controller that we works with that can goive this solution.

Elad

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