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Timber-to-steel connection.

09/22/2008 9:27 AM

Good morning, braintrust. I am trying to design a decorative windmill utilizing the top ~20' of an old 1940's steel windmill typically formally seen in the Old West, supported by 4 each ~6" square x 20' timbers; the base of which are set on a 6'-8" square. Since the diameter of the steel propeller is 8', the total height will be close to 47'-3".

I'm thinking of mounting the 6" timber columns on 1/2" x 10" square steel plates, which would be welded to 2" IPS steel pipe, set in large concrete piers, or foundation. What is the best scheme to firmly fix the timbers to the steel plates, but still allow for leveling, or plumbing?

I plan to brace the whole structure with several layers of 2 x 8 horizontal and cross members on all 4 sides, so it will be very rigid. Thx.

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#1

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/22/2008 2:10 PM

Determine the maximum tension in each post due to wind forces (it will not be trivial). From that, the number of bolts through the post in double shear to carry the tension. Provide two side plates, long enough to contain all of the bolts and weld to the baseplate on opposite sides of each post. The baseplate would be firmly attached to the post, so has no allowance for leveling.

Leveling would be accomplished using four anchor bolts per post instead of 2" IPS steel pipe. You could use leveling nuts or steel shims under the baseplate and pack with dry pack grout. The baseplate would have to be increased to 12"x12" to allow placement of the anchor bolts.

Probably the building authority in your area would require the seal of a professional engineer for the structure and, in any case, this would be my recommendation.

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#2
In reply to #1

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/22/2008 5:02 PM

Good afternoon, Bruce. Excellent response. I will endeavor to design in accordance with your suggestions.

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#3
In reply to #2

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/22/2008 11:46 PM

Hello flyinghigh,

Another possibility is to use a steel shoe attached to each wood post with tensile capacity required to resist wind moments. Each shoe could be attached to a very short telepost which, in turn could be anchored to the concrete pier.

Leveling could be achieved by adjusting teleposts, but rotational locking would be required to protect against vandalism.

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#5
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Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/23/2008 9:00 AM

Good morning ba/ael, I've already completed a design per your first note, but since you mentioned it, what's a telepost?

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#7
In reply to #5

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/23/2008 12:53 PM

Good morning flyinghigh,

What I call a telepost, you may call a "lally column" such as the one shown at the right. It is an adjustable steel column used in the residential industry to support main floor beams from foundations below the basement floor.

The only portion you would use would be the adjustable portion at the top of the column...just a thought.

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#4

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/23/2008 8:15 AM
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#6
In reply to #4

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

09/23/2008 9:01 AM

Good morning EnvironMan, thx for the suggestion. Those look very much like the Simpson ones.

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#8

Re: Timber-to-steel connection.

10/12/2008 8:27 AM

hello;have you thought of post timber braces,which is a plate welded or bolted to your base and wraps the timber on 2 or 4 sides and this allows you to plumb and level before you set it permanent,i hope this helps

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