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Active Contributor

Join Date: Sep 2006
Posts: 21
Good Answers: 1

Solder degradation with temperature

11/09/2006 11:53 AM

I once read an article relating to how solder is the only engineering material expected to operate at temperatures (say 80 - 10deg C) so close to its melting point (approx 180 - or 230deg C for lead-free). This is at 80% of it melting point temperature relative to Absolute zero of -273deg C whereas Steel is typically operating at only 40%.

This was suggested to be the cause of failure (or at least contributing to it) of a number of solder joints in a high temperature, high vibration environment, aerospace electronics moduel I had the pleasure of fault finding.

Having moved on, I now have another problem to solve but I need to prove to other non-believers that this failure mechanism exists. Can anyone shed any light as to where I might get information. The original document was a GEC-Marconi research paper which I no longer have access to.

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Guru

Join Date: Dec 2005
Location: Etats Unis
Posts: 1871
Good Answers: 45
#1

Re: Solder degradation with temperature

11/10/2006 3:17 AM

Can't help you with the document but in situations where solder is in contact with copper an inter-metalic layer is formed by the tin from the solder alloying with the copper to form bronze. Bronze is brittle resulting in a failure mode. This alloying continues as long as the union is above absolute zero but at a much greater rate at elevated temperatures. Circuits for certain critical applications that aren't perfect are trashed because rework (component replacement) entails a second application of soldering temperatures that creates additional alloying.

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