This may depend on the choice of new refrigerant. If the new refrigerant requires POE (polyol ester) oil, the old oil and the new will be incompatible; this will require a flush of the system. Alkyl benzene oils are ordinarily okay with residual amounts of mineral oil.
The expansion valve(s) may need to be changed or adjusted, along with some adjustment in pressure switch settings.
You should check that the motor will be able to handle the new BHP condition.
Be sure to mark clearly on the equipment what the new refrigerant and oil are, and update your operating manual to reflect any change in the normal pressures.
If possible, discuss this conversion with the OEM.
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It all depends upon the type of application your chiller is used now. HCFC22 will be phased out in developed counties soon. HFC 134 a and many azeotropic mixtures are available in the market. HFC 134a is again a green gas house problem. I suggest to consult the OEM and get their advice for conversion. For small plants like refrigerators some time by changing capillary tubes we can retrofit it. But for larger plants it needs meticulous planning and full understanding of the system.
Depending on the operating conditions of the plant,there are "drop-in" replacements available,these will negate the use of "replacement components",the system will remain as it is,the only change being the refrigerant.The efficiency of the system could be dramatically improved also,together with lowering head pressure levels resulting in less stress on certain hardware fitted.
I think it would be ideal to change the entire chiller with the same Capacity, so that you just change the chiller, not any other components installed (may be a little bit of modification in pipe work connecting the chillers) will do your conversion an easy one.
You can obtain a chiller to match the capacity with R 134a or R 407 C or R 410 A which can be used for longer time without any CFC (but still there is a bit of GWP with these refrigerants)..
Chiller Manufacturers.. YORK / TRANE / CARRIER /.. try their websites for latest info on their chillers..