Chemicals in Batteries

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battery_types

http://www.google.co.in/#hl=en&source=hp&q=What+sort+chemicals+are+in+batteries+that+are+used+in+watches%2C+calculators+and+laptops%3F.&btnG=Google+Search&meta=&aq=f&oq=&fp=caf83f9b96f5eb9d

There are a wide assortment of chemicals used in making a battery. First the chemicals that others have cited here that actually produce the electric power itself that comes out of the battery, but there's more. Next are the non-reactive chemicals that encase the reactive chemicals. This prevents the highly reactive chemicals from damaging delicate parts like circuit elements and human beings. These packaging chemicals also prevent the electric energy to be uselessly shorted out. In case of an accidental short, many batteries contain thermo-chemical fuses to protect all elements from an internal or external failure turning catastrophic. (Remember those self igniting Li-ion battery recalls.)

Active ingredient is lition ion which is major source for providing power in watch, calculator etc. Ionic moves from one pole to another and gets deposited on the electrode and in doing so releases electron which is used to run the calculator.

along with this we have electrodes materials, filler and protective materials. you can always google and will have full list of materials and manufacturing highlights. This is old technology new one is coming out from MEMS and other area and is currently confidential but is purely based on silicon techology and are coming out of Fab

What like lithium ?