1. If you mean the percentage impedence of the transformet it means the ratio of the voltage( that if you applie it to one side of the tranfsformer while the other side of the transformer is short cuitcuted, a full load current shall flow in the the short ciruted side), to the full load current.
2. NGR is used to limit the earth fault current.
3. Mainly in case of delta connection where there is no return earth pass
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