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Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/28/2010 1:29 PM

I will be replacing a boiler in a Historic Building with a high efficiency LEED certified boiler. The current boiler is located in the basement of an 8 story building. The chimney / flu exhausts to the roof. Building is approximately 100 ft tall not including the basement.

Which type of boiler is recommended:

1. Forced-Draft Boiler

2. Induced Draft Boiler.

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#1

Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/28/2010 2:30 PM

What does the Engineer of Record have to say?

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#7
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Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/29/2010 11:34 AM

If it is a historical building, I suspect the "engineer of record" might be in a cemetary!

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#2

Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/28/2010 2:38 PM

Most boilers now depend on mechanical draft equipment rather than natural draft. This is because natural draft is subject to outside air conditions and temperature of flue gases leaving the furnace, as well as the chimney height. All these factors make proper draft hard to attain and therefore make mechanical draft equipment much more economical.

There are three types of mechanical draft:

  • Induced draft: This is obtained one of three ways, the first being the "stack effect" of a heated chimney, in which the flue gas is less dense than the ambient air surrounding the boiler. The denser column of ambient air forces combustion air into and through the boiler. The second method is through use of a steam jet. The steam jet oriented in the direction of flue gas flow induces flue gasses into the stack and allows for a greater flue gas velocity increasing the overall draft in the furnace. This method was common on steam driven locomotives which could not have tall chimneys. The third method is by simply using an induced draft fan (ID fan) which removes flue gases from the furnace and forces the exhaust gas up the stack. Almost all induced draft furnaces operate with a slightly negative pressure.
  • Forced draft: Draft is obtained by forcing air into the furnace by means of a fan (FD fan) and ductwork. Air is often passed through an air heater; which, as the name suggests, heats the air going into the furnace in order to increase the overall efficiency of the boiler. Dampers are used to control the quantity of air admitted to the furnace. Forced draft furnaces usually have a positive pressure.
  • Balanced draft: Balanced draft is obtained through use of both induced and forced draft. This is more common with larger boilers where the flue gases have to travel a long distance through many boiler passes. The induced draft fan works in conjunction with the forced draft fan allowing the furnace pressure to be maintained slightly below atmospheric.

AS you see, it's not necessarily the type of boiler but the additional draft accessories you can add to increase your efficiency and SAFETY! Hope this help you to be more informed when you talk to a local, licensed boiler technician.

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#3
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Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/28/2010 8:52 PM

Good answer, thanks for taking the time to share your knowledge. I also agree with Doorman ..... An engineer needs consulted <read paid> for their expertise in a complete and safe installation; public safety being paramount.

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#4
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Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/29/2010 4:02 AM

GA. ID fans have the added advantage that because the boiler is under a slight vacuum there is less chance of dangerous gases leaking into the confined space of a building.

The disadvantage is that they have to withstand hot gases.

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#5

Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/29/2010 5:08 AM

You did not say what the square footage of the area you intend to heat is, or the design temperature for the installation. The size of the boiler has everything to do with it.

Whether induced draft or forced draft will be a characteristic of the boiler one purchases, and the venting is pre-determined by the manufacturer.

I suspect this is a very big boiler and someone is going to have to help you.

It is unlikely you will be able to pull this job off without some municipal or State Inspector looking at it, but this does not say you will absolutely have to involve a Professional Engineer. Getting in with a competent contractor may be sufficient.

However, meeting the standards for LEED certification, if that is your intent, is difficult. You would be misguided to only be seeking a LEED certified boiler.

It should be the duty of our highly paid government civil servant Inspectors to assist and guide citizens, within certain limits, however they are can be joined at the hip to the local contractors - sort of a form of corruption.

If you go it alone study the fuel gas codes - NFPA 54 is the most readable. The codes are the best source on this information, although dated because they speak less to pressurized Class III and Class IV vents.

Class II, III, and IV gas utilization equipment cannot be connected to conventional chimneys meant for Class I equipment.

Basically this is how it works:

Class I Nonpositive vent pressure and above the condensation temperature

Class II Nonpositive vent pressure and below the condensation temperature

Class III Positive vent pressure and above the condensation temperature.

Class IV Positive vent pressure and below the condensation temperature.

You see, it is about the vent (or chimney), not the boiler! I am certain you have a Class I vent. Most high efficiency equipment is Class IV.

Good luck!

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#10
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Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

04/02/2016 8:43 PM

Wrong

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#11
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Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

04/02/2016 9:18 PM

Please explain why I am in error so we all know!

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#12
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Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

04/02/2016 9:30 PM

There are induced draft Boilers and there are forced draft Boilers. The gentleman asked simply which design would we recommend. Your answer attempted to discredit his question and gave no useable answer. That's all.

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#6

Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

07/29/2010 11:33 AM

LEED does not certify boilers. IMHO, LEED does nothing but charge fees for paperwork, Certificates, and

If the building is Historical, restore the original equipment and make it part of the historic tours that you give.

If you want high efficiency, use solar panels for "free" heating.

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#8

Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

02/27/2011 7:16 AM

Dear Guest,

You have not mentioned the capacity and duty meant for the boiler and the exit temp. of flue gas you intend to maintain.

If the capacity is small, your 100 Feet height of the building excluding basement is 30.48 Metres and this height should be sufficient enough to create a good draught, thereby you can save power and hence reduce operating cost.

If your LOCAL LEGISLATION allows, you can have 55 Metres height Chimney, initial cost will be high, operating cost will be less and pay-back period for this chimney may be 3 years.

DHAYANANDHAN.S

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#9

Re: Forced-draft Boiler Vrs Induced Draft Boiler

04/02/2016 8:39 PM

Retrofit the old boiler. I love doing that. With your conditions you already will have a changing induced draft situation so forced draft with draft controls are appropriate. What are your emissions requirements? Steam/hot water? What type is the boiler that you are going to remove. Feel free to email me I may be able to help you shine with your customer.

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