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Anonymous Poster

How Ductile is Iron?

11/22/2010 12:00 PM

I've been doing research into materials used in plumbing as I'm on a course.

(No, I am not cheating merely asking some queries to understand materials better. The questions haven't been that in depth or at least not at the moment, but then it is a plumbing course not a mechanical engineering one)

I've been comparing ductility and malleability, at first I had trouble explaining the two then I discovered that ductility refers to tensile stress where as malleability refers to compressive stress.

I know iron doesn't like a lot of working but I've seen this list that puts it's ductility ahead of aluminium and copper, with gold the most ductile and lead the least; gold, silver, platinum, iron, nickel, copper, aluminium, zinc, tin, lead.

I've seen a tensile test where the iron was quite violent when it went and it flaked and fractured in a vice, so I would've thought it would be below lead.

I was told that iron with carbon is steel and at 3% malleability drops off but I've seen in textbooks iron with low amounts of carbon refered to as varying types of iron, no mention of steel anywhere.

I've seen malleable iron fittings to go with Low Carbon Steel tube, but if the tube has low amounts of carbon wouldn't it then be called iron tube, but then how do you get iron to be malleable.

I've completed and passed the section on materials and going onto the next phase Cold Water Systems.

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Anonymous Poster
#1

Re: How ductile is iron.

11/22/2010 12:04 PM

I forgot to mention that I'm in Great Britain as we probably use different terms for the metals mentioned.

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Anonymous Poster
#2

Re: How Ductile is Iron?

11/22/2010 1:17 PM

Q. "how do you get iron to be malleable"

A. Add carbon.

This is classic "Catch 22". Add C to Fe and it is no longer Fe, but if you don't the pipe is not malleable.

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#3

Re: How Ductile is Iron?

11/22/2010 11:54 PM

Sorta. And how high is up?

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#4

Re: How Ductile is Iron?

11/23/2010 10:02 AM

If you look at Ductility as "% elongation in tension" or % reduction in area (again, as determined by a tensile test) you will have numeric values to compare with other materials.

Using "ductility" as a word without any numeric values is not conducive to understanding.

The following link (read the ductility part near the end) will probably explain this subject as well as I can.

http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Materials/Mechanical/Tensile.htm

Make sure that you are sure of the difference between yield strength (stress) and engineering strain at fracture. (elongation)

The transition from linear elastic to plastic is well explained in this link.

Milo

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