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Pressure Drop

02/26/2011 4:16 PM

To all Hvac Techs/ Engineers/ Experienced Plumbers,

An interesting disagreement between 2 techs happened this week. Please express an "expert" opinion on the following: A low pressure gas furnace needed to be derated for high altitude. A factory deration orifice was shipped w/ the heater, which was the incorrect type (it wouldn't screw into anything!). The techs viewed the detailed cut sheets, and it was unclear as to the deration orifice location. A discussion occurred as follows: could orifice be installed either AT the gas valve outlet OR at the burner inlet, which was 8" downstream. I claimed it would make little or no difference, with such a short run. Despite the option, I'm really looking for an explanation as to what effect the eight inches would have, other than negligible. There is one 90 degree bend in the internal factory aluminum gas pipe which is 1/2" od, between the gas valve and the burner, which has the sea level orifice located by the factory, at the burner tube. The supply pipe to the appliance is 1/2" id with a standing pressure of about 10" w.c. (common house pressure).

I'm fully aware of the Venturi effect and the effect of a slight reduction in gas pressure would have on Prinmary air flow. Unit Specs:

Natural Gas heater, freestanding & factory enclosed, designed for kitchen or livingroom floor mounting. No HELP from factory (getting to be typical).

12,000 btu/H. No Max nor Min values on tag

Standard Atmospheric Burner

No AFUE nor Efficiency Rating.

3.5 " W.C. required (at burner tap)

Actual Altitude, 5,300'

Factory shipped for sea level application.

Installation Instructions, Manufacturer's rep, & cut sheets offered no help (which is a definite trend I'm seeing w/ new JUNK equipment, even with the Commercial sizes of HVAC !). Thanks to all.

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#1

Re: Pressure Drop

02/26/2011 4:47 PM

Unfasten the sea level orifice, and in its place install the altitude orifice.

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#4
In reply to #1

Re: Pressure Drop

02/26/2011 11:07 PM

I too agree with you.

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#2

Re: Pressure Drop

02/26/2011 8:29 PM

Tornado apparently did not read your entire post.

I agree with DRFREON.

My first impulse was to calculate the flow rate & velocity, and check for how close it was to choked flow. However, at 12kBth/hr (low) and 1/2" tube and 3.5" required at the burner, the pressure drop is so great that it seems obvious to agree with you that the orifice could be installed in either location with nearly identical results.

If the orifice is at the burner, the pressure will essentially equalize everywhere in the line before the orifice. If it is at the valve, the flow is so low as to probably have almost no measurable loss around that bend. (I would be very surprised if the expansion loss at the burner is lower than that sweep.) The margin of safety for the valve location is that a system designed for sea level operation is going to be very low loss at altitude. The margin of safety for the burner location is that percent pressure variations at altitude are greater than at sea level and the orifice is probably engineered with the tolerances favoring the small side.

Classic pressure (potential) energy conversion to velocity (kinetic) energy, with high pressure, and low velocity after a radical orifice reduction. I would feel confident enough to try it wherever it would go in.

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#3
In reply to #2

Re: Pressure Drop

02/26/2011 9:04 PM

I doubt we have enough information to do a Colebrook Equation or choked-flow analysis on this problem (the latter of which I suspect wouldn't apply anyway). This is a dirt-simple orifice change-out question. Your obfuscation is not useful.

By the way, "DRFREON" was largely mystified and was asking a question rather than expressing an opinion. What is there to "agree with" in that, pray tell? I wasn't arguing with him, so why do you "pick sides"?

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#6
In reply to #3

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 11:01 AM

I am not "picking sides." DRFREON said: "I claimed it would make little or no difference." I agree with him. Period. What is YOUR problem??

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#10
In reply to #2

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 7:07 PM

Whoever clicked "Off Topic" should learn English. Those of us looking for intellectual entertainment or enlightenment are actually seeking a good gentleman's fight. "Forum" means someone might disagree, Bozo.

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#11
In reply to #10

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 7:40 PM

Uncalled for. Self conflicting argument. Arrogant. 'Hissy fit'.

Please accept additional OT

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#12
In reply to #11

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 7:51 PM

Now I understand the picture. Cheers.

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#13
In reply to #12

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 8:13 PM

Excellent, but if I might just add; being 'new', you may think GA's and OT's have greater weight/meaning, than is the case.

Experienced members will read all OT's anyway - I.e. your post is not 'rendered invisible' or 'suppressed'.

Some members may 'un-vote' an OT or GA. If you're lucky, this will be on the basis of technical merit. Some members vote on 'like' or 'dislike' of you/your stance in a debate.

Until the second practice 'fades' - a GA or OT is not worth getting your knickers in a knot over.

Note; I place this OT myself, as it is nothing to do with the technicalities of the OP topic.

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#5

Re: Pressure Drop

02/27/2011 8:56 AM

This is why they have a 1-800 number.

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#7

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 2:21 PM

Pressure drop be damned. If you put the orifice back 8" the flame will burn in the tube until it burns through and then who knows where it will burn. Contact the factory and get the right orifice and be sure. TM

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#8
In reply to #7

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 3:28 PM

I would never advocate not seeking factory help first, but the problem as stated was no help from factory, and that the supplied fitting did not match threads. Given those hypotheticals, if you have ever looked into a gas boiler and seen the flame tubes, the gas is injected into the tubes, mixed with air and the flame is well beyond the tube. It never burns in the tube.

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#9
In reply to #8

Re: Pressure Drop

02/28/2011 5:48 PM

I have not looked into a gas boiler fire box. If it is similar in function to a gas stove, barbecue grill, camp stove etc. the final flow restriction appears to be at the multiple jets in the burner and all seem to have the orifice mounted well back from the burner. I will leave that up to you as you are Accountable (pun intended).

It would be difficult to measure the difference in the pressure. Might call it "practically no damn pressure drop",. TM

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#14

Re: Pressure Drop

03/01/2011 3:13 AM

I want to thank ALL responders to " Pressure Drop " on the high altitude orifice location- It's a good feeling to have so many Professionals answer back!

DRFREON

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Users who posted comments:

34point5 (2); Accountable (5); DRFREON (1); Fredski (1); kvsubramanyam (1); Tom Kreher (2); Tornado (2)

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