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Join Date: Nov 2011
Posts: 1

How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/26/2011 12:14 PM

Hi Forumers,

I've been operating coal-fired boiler for 2 years and recently I discover this forum where there are many interesting topics regarding boiler are posted here.

Back to my purpose of creating this topic, as what we can foresee in the future of boiler emission level in each country will be strictly controlled by the government as to protect the environment from air pollution, parameters such as dust level, opacity, NOx, SOx and CO2 are being monitored strictly.

In order to produce low level of emission in a coal-fired boiler is to have a complete combustion in the furnace. But the main problem I'm encountering is that when the draft in the boiler is not maintained at negative pressure close to 0, high emission of dust and opacity level is produce. There are 3 fans on this coal-fired boiler that is the Forced Draft Fan, Secondary Forced Draft Fan, and Induce Draft Fan.

How should I balance these 3 Draft Fans in order to maintain low level of dust and opacity emission and also producing complete combustion in the furnace?

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Guru
United States - Member - New Member Engineering Fields - Control Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Mar 2006
Location: Washington USA
Posts: 566
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#1

Re: How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/26/2011 2:45 PM

Complete combustion is not achievable, sorry.

You can optimize performance by fine tuning input parameters while monitoring process variables to achieve best performance for any given time, this is refereed to as feedback control.

The best operating settings will change from hour to hour (or faster) depending on many variables including boiler load, fuel quality, air temperature, humidity, stoker and bag house efficiency, and how you prioritize emissions vs efficiency.

There is no simple one size fits all answer to your question, but a good start is to have a repeatable measurement and control system and skilled personnel to take advantage of it by making optimized operation possible at all times.

(You can not control that which you can not measure)

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Guru
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Join Date: Aug 2010
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#2

Re: How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/26/2011 9:09 PM

What secondary emission filtration systems are there? Precipitators, bag filters etc.

As Ace has said total combustion is near impossible. Close PID control is about as good as you'll get with the correct operating parameters. But as in every system there's a delay between error and correction, sorry it's a fact of life.

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Guru

Join Date: Dec 2006
Location: Hop around Toronto, New York & Karachi
Posts: 1876
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#3

Re: How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/27/2011 3:01 AM

Controlling CO will give you complete combustion. Get in touch with www.Yokogawa.com

for help.

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Guru
United States - Member - New Member Engineering Fields - Control Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Mar 2006
Location: Washington USA
Posts: 566
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#5
In reply to #3

Re: How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/27/2011 3:16 PM

ducon,

How did you determine that for this application a Yokogawa solution would be superior to Emerson, Honeywell, Foxboro, Bailey, Moore, GE or abut a hundred other manufacturers, not to mention technicians, engineers or consultants that might be able to optomize the operation with existing equipment?

Just wondering.

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Guru

Join Date: Dec 2006
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#6
In reply to #5

Re: How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/28/2011 12:05 AM

Dear Ace,

Am an ex-Honeyweller and honestly it never came to my mind except that i read an article of Yokogawa exactly pertaining to the subject and suggestion on instrumentation involved. Next time I will be more careful.

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Power-User

Join Date: Sep 2010
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#4

Re: How to Produce Low Level of Dust & Opacity Emission and Complete Combustion?

11/27/2011 12:28 PM

Thanks for this interesting problem. For those of us who don't have your level of experience or may be unfamiliar with your setup, it would be helpful if you walked us through the purpose and operation of the three fans and how they should cooperate to assure low emissions. The term of art "draft in the boiler" also needs an explanation, as well as the terms "forced draft" and "induced draft." Do you think this opacity level might be caused by an undersized induced draft fan? Would assisting the exhaust, and thereby reducing backpressure, be useful?

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Ace Boeringa (2); ducon (2); TonyS (1); wilmot (1)

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