220VAC to 460VAC

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No. I hope you haven't tried it already.

Yes. It is possible to safely connect a 220 VAC motor to a 460 VAC supply, if you connect something between the source voltage and the loading motor. My first two choices will be either a VFD or a transformer between source voltage and motor. A well cooled resistor could be used, too. However, the value of this resistor will change greatly depending on the mechanical load on the motor.

I should also point out that one may do this very briefly and be lucky. If you inadvertently briefly connected 460 VAC to a 220 VAC motor and quickly recognized the faux pas, then there maybe no significant damage to the motor because back EMF voltages can normally produce twice the applied voltage or greater. At the very least an experienced "sniff" test of the motor windings is warranted before relying on a briefly abused motor. Ideally a Hi-Pot test of the windings will verify good fortune or failure.

yes but only for a fraction of a second or so before the rising temperature starts damaging the insulation. I'd guess about 5s to 'smoking'...

why do you ask???

Does the 460V supply have a neutral, Guv?

If you can double your input frequency then it could run on 460 volt input directly also however your shaft speed and horsepower ratings would be doubled as well.

The more correct method would be to use an auto transformer to step down the 460 volt input to the correct voltage that the motor requires if no other source for the correct voltage can be found.

A 500 VA rated one would be more than enough for a 3/4 hp motor.

Forget all the suggestions for VFDs, they failed to notice that you said SINGLE PHASE. Just buy a transformer for crying out loud... 2kVA should do the trick.

I agree that a single phase VFD is certainly not common, but I do expect that they exist. The VFD will certainly have to handle starting circuitry windings and this may not work at all with a shaded pole but 3/4 hp is kind of large for a shaded pole motor. You are absolutely correct though that it will certainly be easier and likely just as efficient to use a transformer.

Single phase VFDs exist for 230V and 120V installations, but not for 480V, because there is no such thing as 480V single phase where this would be an issue. So why would he buy a 230V 1 phase VFD when he could already run the motor if he just had 230V?

He has a single phase motor, it is just of the wrong voltage. All he needs is a 480-240V single phase transformer. Let's not make this more complex than it needs to be.