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Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 2:32 AM

We are purchasing a power transformer from a vendor. It's a Delta/Star, 66/11kv,10 MVA Power transformer. We have specified a current density of 2.8 A/Sq.mm

On Primary side, its delta connection.

As per our calculations:

Primary current = 10000/(1.732*66) = 87.47 A

Cross section of primary conductor is 22.62 Sq.mm (As per Vendor's Design. Data provided by vendor)

Current density = 87.47 / 22.62 = 3.86 A/Sq.mm. This exceeds the value specified by us.

All the above are as per our calculations.

As per the vendor,

The current 87.47 A is Line current on delta side. Hence the phase current (i.e., current actually flowing through the winding) will be 87.47/Sqrt(3) = 50.50 A

50.50 / 22.62 = 2.23 A/ Sq.mm (as per specifications)

What is correct? Please clarify.

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#1

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 2:43 AM

I think you are correct, and that the vendor is applying the 1/√3 factor twice.

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#2

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 5:34 AM

if the primary were in Star config, than the vendor would be correct...

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#4
In reply to #2

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 7:49 AM

No, if the primary were in Star (Wye), then the line current = the phase current, which would be the 87.47A figure. With a delta winding, the current from each line connection splits between two windings each way, per the 1/√3 factor, and you get the 50.50A figure. I believe the transformer vendor is correct.

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#3

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 7:41 AM

May I ask why you are specifying the current density of the transformer's windings? That is usually a design element that the transformer manufacturer determines to give you the rating of transformer (MVA, %Z, physical size constraints, thermal ratings, etc.) that you request.

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#7
In reply to #3

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/12/2012 1:10 AM

You are right and vendor info also correct

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#5

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 5:38 PM

The vendor's calculation is the correct one definitely

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#6

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/11/2012 11:43 PM

Any time a transformer is changing voltage between three phase power, there is no sq rt 3 calculation between primary and secondary. It is always 3 phase and your initial calculation was correct for the amperage.

If the system was being used to produce 3 phase from a single phase primary feed- not a transformer but an MG (motor generator) set. THEN you would look at the sq rt of 3 on the output (secondary) side and obviously there would be no correction on the single phase "primary".

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#8

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/12/2012 8:00 AM

Your calculation gives the line current. The primary being delta connected, the current through the winding is 1/sq root 3.The vendor's calculation is correct.

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#9

Re: Power Transformer Current Density

07/12/2012 8:31 AM

Amendment: My earlier answer was incorrect, as several others have noted. Thanks for catching.

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