How to Induce Odd Harmonics on The Mains 230V 50 Hz?

If you try this, wear appropriate PPE and stand well clear of your pulse generator when you switch on.

Best step back from the experiment and turn the power OFF before you or someone else gets hurt.

Firstly, depending on your "transformer", you may be generating 2,200 volts (220 volts * 100T/10T), or at least voltage peaks of this magnitude. This will turn your pulse generator into a heap of ashes.

Secondly, to introduce harmonics your "generator" MUST be synchronized with the power frequency.

Thirdly, a pulse generator is capable of generating "pulses" and not frequencies of some harmonic.

The way to proceed is to take a few courses on electricity and electronics, alternatively you may even read a book or tow on electrical experiments before venturing out onto the work bench and into the 'hardware field'.

Without knowing your application, your best alternative would be to study the operation and application of silicon controlled rectifiers (SCRs). A properly configured, SCR will produce an output rich in odd harmonics, all the way into the kilohertz.

Any load with a nonlinear and symmetric VI characteristic would generate nonlinear current with only odd harmonics present. For example, you could connect a step-down transfomer to the mains, then connect two anti-parallel strings of diodes across the secondary, with a current limiting resistor in series.

Do ensure that all CR4 readers are standing well back before energising this thing.

A fluorescent light as a load will generate odd harmonics as the gas conducts more at the peak of the cycle.