Hello all,
This problem has been driving me nuts for two weeks now, and I'm hoping someone can help me solve it.
I am attempting to design a filter for an SMPS to bring its harmonic
current levels into the spec required by our customer. The spec is
complicated, but any harmonic below 10mA per harmonic is considered
passing. I have eight harmonics that are past that point (3,7,9, and
15-23 Odd) but only by 5mA on the third, and less on all the others.
I have been around the internet and googled for days, and the
simplest common approach seems to be a passive shunt filter tuned for
the frequency of the harmonic you are trying to remove. The simplest is
basically an LC filter from line to Neutral (with an R in series to
widen the bandwidth a bit). This is a single tuned filter, and the one I
tried first to get my feet wet.
Can anyone explain why this would work? I don't seem to intuitively get it. I understand how this would filter out a voltage
harmonic, but not a current harmonic. My intuition tells me that
putting a low impedance circuit in parallel with the device drawing
harmonic current would if anything increase the current being drawn from
the source at that frequency.
I tried simulating the circuit, modeling each of these harmonics as a
current source in parallel at the frequency, amplitude, and phase shift
of the recorded harmonics. I placed a resistor in parallel with the
current sources to cover the fundamental, and when I hooked it up to the
simulated AC supply, I can see the same current waveform (rich in
harmonics) I see in the lab. When I added the parallel shunt filter in
series it did not improve the harmonics.
I built the circuit in the lab, and it made the harmonic it was tuned for worse (as expected).
Richard Feynman said "the test of all knowledge is experiment", but
I'm finding it hard to believe that every source I have found is wrong.
Much more likely I've missed something or done something dumb.
Incidentally, just placing an inductor in series with the power
supply clears up the harmonics, however it has to be huge (~70mH), be
able to pass more than 250mA RMS without saturating, and behave nicely
at the zero crossings (read small hystersis in the B-H curve). I was
able to build this using large series/parallel combinations of MPP core
inductors, but that introduced as many problems as it fixed once we
started trying varying loads, input voltage tolerances and a host of
other issues. Not to mention the fact that these specs make building it
as a single inductor basically impossible.
The SMPS draws up to about 250mA RMS at 115VAC 400Hz (single phase of
a generator, yes 400Hz is the fundamental). If I can get this working
It will have to work for several of these supplies in series, plus I
will have to make provisions to prevent it from absorbing harmonics from
any other noisy equipment on that phase. But I can deal with those
details once I figure out why the basic core concept doesn't seem to
work.
Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks in advance!
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