Food & Beverage Technology Blog

Food & Beverage Technology

The Food & Beverage Technology Blog is the place for conversation and discussion about Processing, Packaging/Storage/Preservation, Materials Handling, and Inspection/Quality. Here, you'll find everything from application ideas, to news and industry trends, to hot topics and cutting edge innovations.

Previous in Blog: What's Really Natural?   Next in Blog: Eggstra Opportunities
Close
Close
Close
18 comments
Rating: Comments: Nested

Getting Your Beer to the Top

Posted November 13, 2012 3:18 PM by Chelsey H
Pathfinder Tags: beer gene discovery head yeast

Over the past few years I've learned to appreciate beer as one would appreciate wine. I love discovering unique craft beers and supporting local breweries. After visiting and touring several breweries, I've come to realize that making beer is as much a science as it is an art. While I've talked about beer before, I haven't addressed the many nuances that go into making beer.

Image Credit: Beernexus.com

There's no way I could talk about all the different parts of beer in one post: if you're interested I could start a series similar to the Popular Science: BeerSci column, but today we're going to talk about froth.

Froth, foam, head; all terms used to describe the bubbles that sit on top of a beer when it's poured. Foam is one of the areas beer connoisseurs look for when evaluating a beer. It's important for not only aesthetics, but also for locking in the aromas which define the personality of the beer. The foam is tiny carbon dioxide bubbles and micobubbles. Tall and tick froth foams on ales and "lighter" beers, while a smooth, creaming foam appears on stouts and "darker" beers. Proteins in the yeast keep the bubbles stabilized and supported, preventing them from dissolving into the beer too quickly. Scientists from Spain and Australia made the discovery and explained that protein from the barley and yeast used to make beer

An article was recently published which explained the part of the protein which was responsible for lifting the foam and prevent it from dissolving. This foam-making gene is named CFG1(Carlsbergensis foaming gene 1) and is similar to other yeast genes found in other types of alcoholic beverages (wine and sake). CFG1 was isolated from Saccharomyces pastorianus and its function is to encode the cell wall protein.

The consequence of this discovery is that future beer may have pro

longed and more robust aroma. Since foam is already a natural occurrence in beer, many local and small scale breweries take pride in the head they've created for their beers. That being said, this discovery will probably be used by large production breweries that have the resources and the need to make their beers look and smell better. When the researchers deleted the CFG1 gene, the foam on the resultant beer was greatly reduced--great news for beer drinkers who view a big foam head as a waste of space in the glass where beer could go.

Image Credit: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Resources

BeerSci: How to Make Beer Foamier

Reply

Interested in this topic? By joining CR4 you can "subscribe" to
this discussion and receive notification when new comments are added.

"Almost" Good Answers:

Check out these comments that don't yet have enough votes to be "official" good answers and, if you agree with them, vote them!
Guru
Popular Science - Evolution - New Member Popular Science - Weaponology - New Member

Join Date: May 2006
Location: The 'Space Coast', USA
Posts: 11119
Good Answers: 918
#1

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/13/2012 7:57 PM

"Scientists from Spain and Australia made the discovery and explained that protein from the barley and yeast used to make beer contribute to the quality of its foam."

Now there is an assignment you can really love.

Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2009
Location: sometimes Wales,UK.. was Libya, now Oman!
Posts: 1715
Good Answers: 117
#2

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 2:10 AM

Interesting.... WE make beer in certain part of the desert. Once opened, and the brew kits are at best unpredictable, the head varies.

So one of our brighter sparks, thought that as Guinness uses ultrasonics to give its beer that frothy look, he'd try it. So now every glass we pour get a 3 second blast in what was an ultrasonic nib cleaner for the drafting department.

Just thought I'd share!!

__________________
The square root of nothing is what you make it!
Reply
Guru
Engineering Fields - Optical Engineering - Member Engineering Fields - Engineering Physics - Member Engineering Fields - Systems Engineering - Member

Join Date: Apr 2010
Location: Trantor
Posts: 5363
Good Answers: 647
#9
In reply to #2

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 5:29 PM

"...Guinness uses ultrasonics to give its beer that frothy look..."

I'm wondering at what step in the brewing process they use ultrasonics. I'm guessing they weren't using ultrasonics back in 1759.

As for the famous frothy head, that is due to nitrogen gas (in most of its variants; some versions use CO2).

Btw - just my own experience from my recent trip to Ireland and England, I noticed in some pubs the Guiness tasted a bit watery compared to other pubs, and the Guiness here in Georgia tastes better than in those pubs where it tasted watery.

__________________
Whiskey, women -- and astrophysics. Because sometimes a problem can't be solved with just whiskey and women.
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2009
Location: sometimes Wales,UK.. was Libya, now Oman!
Posts: 1715
Good Answers: 117
#10
In reply to #9

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 6:11 PM

They bottle the beer with no gas, ship it, then once the bottle or tin is opened and poured, the glass and contents are placed on a ultrasonic pad and zapped.

__________________
The square root of nothing is what you make it!
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2007
Posts: 719
Good Answers: 25
#3

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 2:49 AM

A herd of buffalo can move only as fast as the slowest buffalo. When the herd is hunted,
it is the slowest and weakest ones at the back that are killed first.

This natural selection is good for the herd as a whole, because the general speed and
health of the whole group keeps improving by the regular killing of the weakest members.

In much the same way, the human brain can only operate as fast as the slowest brain cells.
Excessive intake of alcohol, we all know, kills brain cells, but naturally it attacks
the slowest and weakest brain cells first. In this way, regular consumption of beer
eliminates the weaker brain cells, making the brain a faster and more efficient machine.

That's why you always feel smarter after a few beers.......

jt.

Reply Off Topic (Score 6)
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#4
In reply to #3

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 8:16 AM

Excessive intake of alcohol, we all know, kills brain cells, but naturally it attacks
the slowest and weakest brain cells first. In this way, regular consumption of beer
eliminates the weaker brain cells, making the brain a faster and more efficient machine.

That's why you always feel smarter after a few beers.......

No, you only feel smarter, because it kills off your better brain cells, and now the slow brains cells that are left only thinks they are smarter, because the competition has been killed off.

Remember, if you want to look smart, surround yourself with a bunch of clowns.

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply Score 1 for Good Answer
Guru

Join Date: Jun 2007
Posts: 719
Good Answers: 25
#11
In reply to #4

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 7:58 PM

No joke is ever going to be funny if you pull it apart. Smile and live a while.

Try this one.

They asked me, "where had I obtained my beautiful gold pocket watch?"

I replied, "on his death bed, my grandfather sold me this watch."

jt.

Reply Off Topic (Score 5)
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#12
In reply to #11

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/15/2012 7:46 AM

sorry, when it has to be explained as a joke, it does lose it's intended inpact.

I've been there often.

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply Off Topic (Score 5)
Power-User
Engineering Fields - Control Engineering - Control Engineering Technical Fields - Education - Industrial Training Engineering Fields - Manufacturing Engineering - Manufacturing Training Engineering Fields - Electrical Engineering - Electrical engineering Training Engineering Fields - Instrumentation Engineering - Instrumentation Engineering United States - Member - New Member Engineering Fields - Energy Engineering - Become part of the larger group, change your world.

Join Date: Apr 2005
Location: Las Vegas, NV
Posts: 266
Good Answers: 1
#17
In reply to #4

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

01/05/2013 8:46 AM

So explain how it makes women look good.

__________________
AB PLC Training onsite, On-Line, training software and more. BIN95.com
Reply
Guru

Join Date: Oct 2009
Location: sometimes Wales,UK.. was Libya, now Oman!
Posts: 1715
Good Answers: 117
#18
In reply to #17

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

01/05/2013 11:19 AM

Easy...

The difference between a dog and a fox is about 8 pints of strong beer!!

__________________
The square root of nothing is what you make it!
Reply
Guru
Canada - Member - New Member Popular Science - Cosmology - New Member Hobbies - Musician - New Member

Join Date: Dec 2010
Location: Up North
Posts: 540
Good Answers: 30
#5
In reply to #3

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 8:16 AM

Not only smarter, but I've seen how beer makes some people think they have secret Ninja Powers. They usually get their *ss whooped.

I used to brew my own beer many years ago. I remember getting interrupted by a phone call just as I was adding the sugar. By the time the call was finished, I had COMPLETELY forgotten how many cups I'd already added. I added three more cups when I only needed one. Resultant brew was nuclear.

__________________
Steve of the North...since 1962.
Reply
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#6
In reply to #5

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 8:30 AM

When I was younger, we use to make allot of wine.......I'm sure we surpassed the legal requirement.

Concord Grape, other grapes I don't know the name, Choke Cherry, Dandelion wine.....

Anyways we had crocks all over the house as they fermented.... you could almost get a buzz just being there?

Anyways when I was about 8 years old, we had some crocks in front of our refrigerator door.

I opened the frig door in to get a bottle of soda, (Double Cola) it was already opened and the cap was put back on. and as I pulled it out I dropped it in the crock, and by the time I fished it out, there was only about on inch left as it fizzed in the batch.

Did I catch hell from mostly my brothers for wrecking the batch that had concord grape wine in it, I received allot of criticism

  • we can dump that batch out thanks to you.
  • Now that its ruined, You'll end up drinking by yourself, I hope your happy.

I had a lot of teasing. Well as it turned out, that was one of the best tasting wine we made, (Yes, I was only 8 years olds and already a wine connoisseur, you learn young on a farm) and when I brought it up, that I was the one that was suppose to drink it, because I ruined it. That was quickly shot down.

Don't know if it was some of the carbonation but I'm sure the extra shot of sugar at just the right time helped.

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply
Guru
Popular Science - Evolution - New Member Popular Science - Weaponology - New Member

Join Date: May 2006
Location: The 'Space Coast', USA
Posts: 11119
Good Answers: 918
#7
In reply to #5

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 9:01 AM

Cold Fusion?

Reply
Guru
Canada - Member - New Member Popular Science - Cosmology - New Member Hobbies - Musician - New Member

Join Date: Dec 2010
Location: Up North
Posts: 540
Good Answers: 30
#8
In reply to #7

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/14/2012 9:17 AM

The cap was a rocket and it fused itself to the ceiling. The accompanying geyser was very impressive.

__________________
Steve of the North...since 1962.
Reply
Power-User
Hobbies - Musician - New Member Technical Fields - Technical Writing - New Member

Join Date: May 2010
Location: Upstate NY
Posts: 278
Good Answers: 5
#13

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/15/2012 12:20 PM

"When the researchers deleted the CFG1 gene, the foam on the resultant beer was greatly reduced--great news for beer drinkers who view a big foam head as a waste of space in the glass where beer could go." I don't really think that should be necessary as if you pour a draft beer correctly (tilting the glass until you almost reach the top as seen in the image) you reduce the foam anyway getting the right amount of beer vs foam in the glass. This makes me want a nice cold beer.

__________________
LakeGrl
Reply
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#14
In reply to #13

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/15/2012 12:24 PM

didn't engineering student as a class project develop a type of vortex tap to poour a perfect glass of beer with just the right head/body mix.

I could be bias here, but it may have been from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

I think CR4 had a topic about it.

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply
Power-User
Hobbies - Musician - New Member Technical Fields - Technical Writing - New Member

Join Date: May 2010
Location: Upstate NY
Posts: 278
Good Answers: 5
#15
In reply to #14

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/19/2012 6:31 PM

I found this link to Building a Better Glass of Beer

__________________
LakeGrl
Reply
Guru
Hobbies - CNC - New Member Hobbies - DIY Welding - New Member Engineering Fields - Electromechanical Engineering - New Member

Join Date: Aug 2007
Posts: 23647
Good Answers: 420
#16
In reply to #15

Re: Getting Your Beer to the Top

11/19/2012 7:53 PM

This is what I recalled.......http://www.turbotapusa.com/products/

__________________
“ When people get what they want, they are often surprised when they get what they deserve " - James Wood
Reply
Reply to Blog Entry 18 comments

"Almost" Good Answers:

Check out these comments that don't yet have enough votes to be "official" good answers and, if you agree with them, vote them!
Copy to Clipboard

Users who posted comments:

Anonymous Hero (2); BIN95 (1); brich (3); jt (2); LakeGrl (2); phoenix911 (5); Steve of the North (2); Usbport (1)

Previous in Blog: What's Really Natural?   Next in Blog: Eggstra Opportunities

Advertisement